Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship (벤처창업연구)

The Korean Society of Business Venturing (한국벤처창업학회)
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The Structural Relationship between Entrepreneurial Competency, Entrepreneurial Opportunity Recognition on and Entrepreneurial Intentions of Middle-aged Eldery Office Workers

중·장년 직장인의 창업역량과 창업기회인식 및 창업의지의 구조적 관계

  • Choi, In Woo (Dept. of Creative Liberal Arts, Hoseo University)
  • 최인우 (호서대학교 창의교양학부)
  • Received : 2022.09.04
  • Accepted : 2022.10.25
  • Published : 2022.10.31
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Abstract

This study analyzed the effect of entrepreneurial competency on entrepreneurial intentions by using the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition as a mediator for middle and middle-aged office workers. The sub-variables of entrepreneurial competency are classified into management competency, technology competency, business competency and funding competency. 222 copies of questionnaires collected from middle-aged and elderly office workers residing across the country centered on the metropolitan area were used for empirical analysis. Based on a simple mediating model with singular mediator using SPSS v22.0 and PROCESS macro v4.0. was analyzed. As a result of the analysis, first, among entrepreneurial competencies, business competency and funding capacity were found to have a positive (+) significant effect on the entrepreneurial intentions, but management and technical competency did not have a significant effect. The higher the business competency and funding competency. Second, it was found that all of the sub-variables of entrepreneurial competency had a significant effect in the positive (+) direction on the recognition of entrepreneurial opportunities. It was confirmed that management competency has the greatest influence on the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition and technology competence has the smallest effect. Third, it was found that the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition had a significant effect on entrepreneurial intentions. The discovery of an opportunity recognizing opportunities for start-up is a prerequisite for entrepreneur. Fourth, it was found that the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition mediates between the management competency, technological competency, business competency, funding competency, and entrepreneurial intention. It suggests that opportunity discovery by recognizing opportunities for entrepreneurship is a prerequisite for start-up. As implications of this study, it suggests that in order to inspire middle-aged and elderly office workers to start their own business, it is necessary to have indirect experience with education and to establish and promote a government support system for financing.. Second, It suggests that education on leadership and organizational management is particularly necessary to strengthen the opportunity recognition. Third, it suggests that the discovery of opportunities to recognize opportunities for start-up is a prerequisite for entrepreneur. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare a manual and conduct training on opportunity search, recognition, evaluation, and utilization according to the stage of opportunity development. Fourth, it suggests that in order to strengthen the intention to start a business, ALso, it is necessary to manage both the entrepreneurial competency and entrepreneurial opportunities recognition at the same time. By presenting the practical directions that can be given differentially, we intend to contribute to the provision of practical directions and policy establishment for the promotion of entrepreneurial activities of office workers who can give vitality to the ecosystem.

본 연구는 중·장년 직장인을 대상으로 창업기회인식을 매개변수로 하여 창업역량이 창업의지에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 창업역량의 하위변수를 관리역량, 기술역량, 비즈니스역량 및 자금조달역량으로 구분하였다. 수도권을 중심으로 전국에 거주하는 중·장년 직장인을 대상으로 수집한 설문지 222부를 실증분석에 사용하였다. SPSS v22.0과 PROCESS macro v4.0을 이용하여 매개변수가 하나인 단순매개모형에 기반하여 분석하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 창업역량 중 비즈니스역량과 자금조달역량은 창업의지에 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나 관리역량과 기술역량은 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 비즈니스역량이 창업의지에 가장 크게 영향을 미치므로 창업의지에 가장 중요한 요인임을 확인하였다. 둘째, 창업역량의 하위변수 모두가 창업기회인식에 유의적으로 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 관리역량이 창업기회인식에 가장 크게 영향을 미치고 기술역량이 미치는 영향력이 가장 작은 것으로 확인 하였다. 셋째, 창업기회인식은 창업의지에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 창업에 대한 기회를 인식하는 기회발견은 창업을 위한 선행조건임을 의미한다. 넷째, 창업기회인식은 창업역량의 관리역량, 기술역량, 비즈니스역량, 자금조달역량과 창업의지 간을 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 창업에 대한 기회를 인식하는 기회발견은 창업을 위한 선행조건임을 의미한다. 본 연구의 시사점으로는 첫째, 중·장년 직장인들 창업의지를 고무시키기 위해서는 교육을 통한 경간접경험이 필요하고 자금 조달에 대한 정부지원 제도의 수립과 홍보가 필요하다는 것을 시사한다. 둘째, 기회인식을 강화시키기 위해서는 특히 리더십과 조직 관리에 대한 교육이 필요하다는 것을 시사한다. 셋째, 창업에 대한 기회를 인식하는 기회발견은 창업을 위한 선행조건임을 시사하고 있다. 따라서 기회 발전 단계에 따른 기회탐색, 인식, 평가, 활용에 대한 manual 작성과 교육을 실시할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 창업에 필요한 실질적인 창업역량을 제시하고 기회인식을 통해 중·장년 직장인의 창업에 도움을 줄 수 있는 실질적인 방향을 차별적으로 제시하여 경제생태계에 활력을 줄 수 있는 직장인의 창업활동의 촉진을 위한 실질적인 방향의 제공과 정책 수립에 기여하고자 한다.

Keywords

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