Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research

The Korean Vaccine Society (대한백신학회)
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Successful seroconversion against diphtheria and tetanus induced through maternal vaccination in a region of Colombia

  • Doracelly Hincapie-Palacio ("Hector Abad Gomez" National Faculty of Public Health, Universidad of Antioquia ) ;
  • Adriana Echeverri ("Hector Abad Gomez" National Faculty of Public Health, Universidad of Antioquia ) ;
  • Cristina Hoyos ("Hector Abad Gomez" National Faculty of Public Health, Universidad of Antioquia ) ;
  • Felipe Vargas-Restrepo ("Hector Abad Gomez" National Faculty of Public Health, Universidad of Antioquia ) ;
  • Marta Ospina (Departmental Laboratory of Public Health, The Sectional Secretariat of Health and Social Protection of Antioquia) ;
  • Seti Buitrago (Departmental Laboratory of Public Health, The Sectional Secretariat of Health and Social Protection of Antioquia) ;
  • Jesus Ocho ("Hector Abad Gomez" National Faculty of Public Health, Universidad of Antioquia )
  • Received : 2021.10.13
  • Accepted : 2021.11.25
  • Published : 2022.01.31
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Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to compare protection against diphtheria and tetanus conferred on the mother and the neonate before and after maternal vaccination against tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap), transfer of antibodies, and the variables that could impact on the protection. Materials and Methods: The study followed a cohort of 200 pregnant women from a region in Colombia, contacted during prenatal control before vaccination and upon delivery. The work determined immunoglobulin G antibodies against diphtheria and tetanus of pregnant women and umbilical cord. The proportion of protection, the geometric mean of the concentration, and the transfer of maternal antibodies were calculated. The protection profile of the pregnant women was explored by using multiple correspondence analysis. Results: The concentration of antibodies against diphtheria was significant before and after vaccination of the pregnant women (p=0.000) with proportions of 85.0% and 97.5%, respectively, and of 98.6% in the umbilical cord, with significant antibody correlation (Spearman's coefficient=0.668, p=0.01). Sero-protection against tetanus before vaccination was at 71.0%, after at 92.6%, and in the umbilical cord at 95.9%, with significant antibody concentration before and after vaccination (p=0.000) and antibody correlation (Spearman's coefficient=0.936, p=0.01). Sero-protection was higher when the pregnant women were vaccine 8 to 11 weeks before delivery. Unprotected pregnant women were those not vaccinated during pregnancy. Conclusion: The high proportion of protection against diphtheria and tetanus and the placental transfer support the need to promote maternal immunization with Tdap.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Colombia (Minciencias), the University of Antioquia, the Departmental Laboratory of Public Health of the Sectional Secretariat of Health and Social Protection of Antioquia and the Secretary of Health of Medellin (grant no., 699-2018).

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