Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
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Antimalarial Efficacy of Aqueous Extract of Strychnos ligustrina and Its Combination with Dihydroartemisinin and Piperaquine Phosphate (DHP) against Plasmodium berghei Infection

  • Cahyaningsih, Umi (Department of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University) ;
  • Sa'diah, Siti (Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University) ;
  • Syafii, Wasrin (Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University) ;
  • Sari, Rita Kartika (Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University) ;
  • Maring, Abdul Jafar (Research and Development Institute of Non-Timber Forest Product Technology) ;
  • Nugraha, Arifin Budiman (Department of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University)
  • Received : 2022.04.28
  • Accepted : 2022.08.01
  • Published : 2022.10.31
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Abstract

The development of drug resistance is one of the most severe concerns of malaria control because it increases the risk of malaria morbidity and death. A new candidate drug with antiplasmodial activity is urgently needed. This study evaluated the efficacy of different dosages of aqueous extract of Strychnos ligustrina combined with dihydroartemisinin and piperaquine phosphate (DHP) against murine Plasmodium berghei infection. The BALB/c mice aged 6-8 weeks were divided into 6 groups, each consisting of 10 mice. The growth inhibition of compounds against P. berghei was monitored by calculating the percentage of parasitemia. The results showed that the mice receiving aqueous extract and combination treatment showed growth inhibition of P. berghei in 74% and 94%, respectively. S. ligustrina extract, which consisted of brucine and strychnine, effectively inhibited the multiplication of P. berghei. The treated mice showed improved hematology profiles, body weight, and temperature, as compared to control mice. Co-treatment with S. ligustrina extract and DHP revealed significant antimalarial and antipyretic effects. Our results provide prospects for further discovery of antimalarial drugs that may show more successful chemotherapeutic treatment.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was funded by the Directorate of Higher Education of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia with the IPB Higher Education Research Grant scheme 2021 (contract No. 1/EI/KP.PT.PTNBH/2021) for funding support for this research.

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