Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology (한국동물생명공학회지)

The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology (한국동물생명공학회)
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Norflurazon causes developmental defects including cardiovascular abnormalities in early-stage zebrafish (Danio rerio)

  • An, Garam (Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University) ;
  • Park, Hahyun (Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University) ;
  • Hong, Taeyeon (Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Song, Gwonhwa (Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University) ;
  • Lim, Whasun (Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University)
  • Received : 2022.07.18
  • Accepted : 2022.08.30
  • Published : 2022.09.30
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Abstract

Norflurazon is widely used on agricultural lands and has a high potential to pollute water sources. However, its effects on fish have not been fully elucidated. The purpose of our study was to determine whether norflurazon adversely affects the developmental stage of zebrafish, which are frequently used as a model system to evaluate the environmental impact of pollutants. Norflurazon interfered with the hatching of zebrafish embryos and induced several sublethal deformities including body length reduction, increased yolk sac volume, and enlargement of the pericardial region. We further examined the cardiotoxicity of norflurazon in the flk1:eGFP transgenic zebrafish line. The vascular network, mainly in the brain region, was significantly disrupted in norflurazon-exposed zebrafish. In addition, due to the failure of cardiac looping, norflurazon-exposed zebrafish had an abnormal cardiac structure. These developmental abnormalities were related to the apoptotic process triggered by norflurazon. Overall, the present study demonstrated the non-target toxicity of norflurazon by analyzing the hazardous effects of norflurazon on developing zebrafish.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Ministry of Education (2020R1A6A3A13075810 and 2019R1A6A1A10073079) and National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (2021R1A2C2005841). This study was also supported by the Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University.

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