Acknowledgement
This research was funded by project No. 2174 (Agreement: I0000 / 230/2018) and the doctoral grant from the National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT), Mexico. The author thanks Dr. Erika Silva Campa of (DIFUS-University of Sonora) for her technical assistance in the confocal scanning laser microscopy analysis.
References
- Jereb P, Roper CFE, Norman MD. Julian K Finn. Cephalopods of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cephalopod species known to date. pp. 370. Octopods and Vampire Squids. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. No. 4, Vol. 3. Rome, FAO. 2014.
- Ezquerra-Brauer JM, Aubourg SP. 2019. Recent trends for the employment of jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) by-products as a source of bioactive compounds with nutritional, functional and preservative applications: a review. Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. 54: 987-998. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.14067
- SAGARPA. CONAPESCA. Anuario Estadistico de Acuacultura y Pesca, 2017.
- Dominguez-Contreras JF, Munguia-Vega A, Ceballos-Vazquez BP, Arellano-Martinez M, Garcia-Rodriguez FJ, Culver M, 2018. Life histories predict genetic diversity and population structure within three species of octopus targeted by small-scale fisheries in Northwest Mexico Peer J. 6: e4295. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4295
- Figon F and Casas J. 2018. Ommochromes in invertebrates: biochemistry and cell biology. Biol. Rev. Camb Philos Soc. doi: 10.1111/ brv.12441. Online ahead of print.
- Chatterjee A, Norton-Baker B, Bagge LE, Patel P, Gorodetsky AA. 2018. An introduction to color-changing systems from the cephalopod protein reflectin. Bioinspir. Biomim. 13: 045001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-3190/aab804
- Williams TL, Stephen L Senft, JingjieYeo, Francisco J, Martin-Martinez, Alan M Kuzirian, et al. 2019. Dynamic pigmentary and structural coloration within cephalopod chromatophore organs. Nat. Commun. 10: 1004. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08891-x
- Williams TL, DiBona CW, Dinneen SR, Jones Labadie SF, Chu F, Deravi LF. 2016. Contributions of phenoxazone-based pigments to the structure and function of nanostructured granules in squid chromatophores. Langmuir 32: 3754-3759. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00243
- Kumar A, Williams TL, Martin CA, Figueroa-Navedo AM, Deravi LF. 2018. Xanthommatin-based electrochromic displays inspired by nature. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 10: 43177-43183. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b14123
- Ushakova N, Dontsov A, Natalia Sakina N, Alexander Bastrakov A, Ostrovsky M. 2019. Antioxidative properties of melanins and ommochromes from black soldier fly Hermetia illucens. Biomolecules 9: 408. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9090408
- Dontsov AE, Ushakova NA, Sadykovac VS, Bastrakov AI. 2020. Ommochromes from Hermetia illucens: isolation and study of antioxidant characteristics and antimicrobial activity. Appl. Biochem. Microbiol. 56: 91-95. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0003683820010044
- Aubourg SP, Torres-Arreola W, Trigo M, Ezquerra-Brauer JM. 2016. Partial characterization of jumbo squid skin pigment extract and its antioxidant potential in a marine oil system. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 118: 1293-1304. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.201500356
- Ezquerra-Brauer JM, Miranda JM, Cepeda A, Barros-Velazquez J, Aubourg SP. 2016. Effect of jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) skin extract on the microbial activity in chilled mackerel (Scomber scombrus). LWT Food Sci. Technol. 72: 134e140.
- Chan-Higuera JE, Carbonell-Barrachina AC, Cardenas-Lopez JL, Kacaniova M, Burgos-Hernandez A, Ezquerra-Brauer JM. 2019. Jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) skin pigments: chemical analysis and evaluation of antimicrobial and antimutagenic potential. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Food Sci. 9: 349-353. https://doi.org/10.15414/jmbfs.2019.9.2.349-353
- Le Roes-Hill M. Goodwin C, Burton S. 2009. Phenoxazinone synthase: what's in a name?. Trends Biotechnol. 27: 248-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2009.01.001
- Shimizu S, Suzuki M, Tomoda A, Arai S, Taguchi H, Hanawa T, et al. 2004. Phenoxazine compounds produced by the reactions with bovine hemoglobin show antimicrobial activity against non-tuberculosis mycobacteria. Tohoku J. Exp. Med. 203: 47-52. https://doi.org/10.1620/tjem.203.47
- Bolognese A, Correale G, Manfra M, Lavecchia A, Mazzoni O, Ettore Novellino, et al. 2002. Antitumor agents. 1. synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular modeling of 5H-Pyrido[3,2-a] phenoxazin-5-one, a compound with potent antiproliferative activity. J. Med. Chem. 45: 5205-5216. https://doi.org/10.1021/jm020913z
- Ostrovsky MA, Zak PP, Dontsov AE. 2018. Vertebrate eye melanosomes and invertebrate eye ommochromes as screening cell organelles. Biol. Bull. 45: 570-579. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359018060109
- Linzen B. 1974. The Tryptophan → Ommochrome pathway in insects. Adv. Insect Physiol. 10: 117-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2806(08)60130-7
- Riou M and Christides JP. 2010. Cryptic color change in a crab spider (Misumena vatia): identification and quantification of precursors and ommochrome pigments by HPLC. J. Chem. Ecol. 36: 412-423. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-010-9765-7
- CLSI. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. 29th ed.CLSI supplement M100. Wayne: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2019.
- Mosmann T. 1983. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J. Immunol. Methods 65: 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4
- O'Brien J, Wilson I, Orton T, Pognan F. 2000. Investigation of the alamar blue (resazurin) fluorescent dye for the assessment of mammalian cell cytotoxicity. Eur. J. Biochem. 267: 5421-5426. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01606.x
- Hase S, Wakamatsu K, Fujimoto K, Inaba A, Kobayashi K, Matsumoto M. 2006. Characterization of the pigment produced by the planarian, Dugesia ryukyuensis. Pigment Cell Res. 19: 248-249. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.2006.00306.x
- Messenger JB. 2001. Cephalopod chromatophores: neurobiology and natural history. Biol. Rev. 76: 473-528. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1464793101005772
- Li H, Zhou X, Huang Y, Liao B, Cheng L, Ren B. 2021. Reactive oxygen species in pathogen clearance: the killing mechanisms, the adaptation response, and the side effects. Front. Microbiol. 11: 622534. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.622534
- Llandres AL, Figon F, Christides JP, Mandon N, Casas J, 2013. Environmental and hormonal factors controlling reversible color change in crab spiders. J. Exp. Biol. 216: 3886-3895. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.086470
- Farmer LA, Haidasz EA, Griesser M, Pratt DA. 2017. Phenoxazine: a privileged scaffold for radical-trapping antioxidants. J. Org. Chem. 82: 10523-10536. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.7b02025
- Romero Y and Martinez A. 2015. Antiradical capacity of ommochromes. J. Mol. Model 21: 220. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00894-015-2773-3
- Shah R, Margison K, Pratt DA. 2017. The potency of diarylamine radical-trapping antioxidants as inhibitors of ferroptosis underscores the role of autoxidation in the mechanism of cell death. ACS Chem. Biol. 12: 2538-2545. https://doi.org/10.1021/acschembio.7b00730
- Exner M, Bhattacharya S, Christiansen B, Gebel J, Goroncy-Bermes P, Hartemann P, et al. 2017. Antibiotic resistance: what is so special about multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria? GMS Hyg. Infect. Control 12: Doc05
- Breijyeh Z. Jubeh B, Karaman R. 2020. Resistance of Gram-negative bacteria to current antibacterial agents and approaches to resolve it. Molecules 25: 1340. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25061340
- White TC. 2007. Mechanisms of resistance to antifungal agents. In: Murray PR, Baron EJ, Jorgensen JH, Landry ML, Pfaller MA. (Eds.). pp. 1961-1971. Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 9th Ed. ASM Press, Washington, DC.
- Espinel-Ingroff A. 2008. Mechanisms of resistance to antifungal agents: yeasts and filamentous fungi. Rev. Iberoam. Micol. 25: 101-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1130-1406(08)70027-5
- Prasad T, Saini P, Gaur NA, Vishwakarma RA, Khan LA, Haq QM. 2005. Functional analysis of CaIPT1, a sphingolipid biosynthetic gene involved in multidrug resistance and morphogenesis of Candida albicans. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49: 3442-3452. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.49.8.3442-3452.2005
- Kanafani ZA, Perfect JR. 2008. Resistance to antifungal agents: mechanisms and clinical impact. Clin. Infect. Dis. 46: 120-128. https://doi.org/10.1086/524071