Steel and Composite Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Behaviour and design of bolted endplate joints between composite walls and steel beams

  • Li, Dongxu (School of Civil Engineering, The University of Sydney) ;
  • Uy, Brian (School of Civil Engineering, The University of Sydney) ;
  • Mo, Jun (School of Civil Engineering, The University of Sydney) ;
  • Thai, Huu-Tai (Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne)
  • Received : 2021.07.31
  • Accepted : 2022.06.20
  • Published : 2022.07.10
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This paper presents a finite element model for predicting the monotonic behaviour of bolted endplate joints connecting steel-concrete composite walls and steel beams. The demountable Hollo-bolts are utilised to facilitate the quick installation and dismantling for replacement and reuse. In the developed model, material and geometric nonlinearities were included. The accuracy of the developed model was assessed by comparing the numerical results with previous experimental tests on hollow/composite column-to-steel beam joints that incorporated endplates and Hollo-bolts. In particular, the Hollo-bolts were modelled with the expanded sleeves involved, and different material properties of the Hollo-bolt shank and sleeves were considered based on the information provided by the manufacture. The developed models, therefore, can be applied in the present study to simulate the wall-to-beam joints with similar structural components and characteristics. Based on the validated model, the authors herein compared the behaviour of wall-to-beam joints of two commonly utilised composite walling systems (Case 1: flat steel plates with headed studs; Case 2: lipped channel section with partition plates). Considering the ease of manufacturing, onsite erection and the pertinent costs, composite walling system with flat steel plates and conventional headed studs (Case 1) was the focus of present study. Specifically, additional headed studs were pre-welded inside the front wall plates to enhance the joint performance. On this basis, a series of parametric studies were conducted to assess the influences of five design parameters on the behaviour of bolted endplate wall-to-beam joints. The initial stiffness, plastic moment capacity, as well as the rotational capacity of the composite wall-to-beam joints based on the numerical analysis were further compared with the current design provision.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This project is financially supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC) under its Discovery Scheme (DP200100112). The financial support is greatly acknowledged.

References

  1. ABAQUS (2016), Standard User's Manual, Version 6.16, Dassault Systemes Corp., Providence, RI (USA).
  2. American Institute of Steel Construction (2005), Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, Chicago, USA.
  3. AS 4100 (1998), Steel Structures, Sydney, Australia.
  4. AS/NZS 2327 (2017), Composite Steel-Concrete Construction in Buildings, Sydney, Australia.
  5. Aslani, F., Lloyd, R., Uy, B., Kang, W.H. and Hicks, S. (2016), "Statistical calibration of safety factors for flexural stiffness of composite columns", Steel Compos. Struct., 20(1), 127-145. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2016.20.1.127.
  6. Bowerman, H., Gough, M. and King, C. (1999), "Bi-Steel design and construction guide", Scunthorpe, London, U.K.
  7. Carreira, D.J. and Chu, K.H. (1985), "Stress-strain relationship for plain concrete in compression", ACI, 82(6), 797-804.
  8. Choi, B.J. and Han, H.S. (2009), "An experiment on compressive profile of the unstiffened steel plate-concrete structures under compression loading", Steel Compos. Struct., 9(6), 519-534. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2009.9.6.519.
  9. Choi, B.J., Kang, C.K. and Park, H.Y. (2014), "Strength and behavior of steel plate-concrete wall structures using ordinary and eco-oriented cement concrete under axial compression", Thin-Walled Struct., 84, 313-324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2014.07.008
  10. Chen, L., Mahmoud, H., Tong, S.M. and Zhou, Y. (2015), "Seismic behavior of double steel plate-HSC composite walls", Eng. Struct., 102(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.08.017
  11. Eurocode 3 (2005), Design of Steel Structures, Part 1.8: Design of Joints, BS EN 1995-1-8, London, UK.
  12. Eurocode 4, (2004), Design of Composite Steel and Concrete Structures, Part 1.1: General Rules and Rules for Buildings, BS EN 1994-1-1, London, U.K.
  13. Ellobody, E., Young, B. and Lam, D. (2011), "Eccentrically loaded concrete encased steel composite columns", Thin-Wall. Struct., 49, 53-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2010.08.006.
  14. FEMA-350 (2020), Recommended Seismic Design Moment-Frae Buildings, Federal Emergency Management Agency.
  15. Ghobarah, A., Mourad, S. and Korol, R.M. (1996), "Momentrotation relationship of blind bolted connections for HSS columns", J. Constr. Steel Res., 40(1), 63-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-974X(96)00044-2
  16. Guo, L., Wang, Y. and Zhang, S. (2018), "Experimental study of rectangular multi-partition steel-concrete composite shear walls", Thin-Wall. Struct., 130, 577-592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2018.06.011.
  17. Han, L.H. and An, Y.F. (2014), "Performance of concrete-encased CFST stub columns under axial compression", J. Constr. Steel Res., 93, 62-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.10.019.
  18. Hossain, K.M., Rafiei, S., Lachemi, M. and Behdinan, K. (2016), "Structural performance of profiled composite wall under inplane cyclic loading", Eng. Struct., 110, 88-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.11.057.
  19. Huang, Z. and Liew, J.R. (2016), "Structural behaviour of steelconcrete- steel sandwich composite wall subjected to compression and end moment", Thin-Wall. Struct., 98, 592-606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2015.10.013.
  20. JEA (2009), Technical Code for Seismic Design of Steel Plate Reinforced Concrete Structures. Translation of JEAC, 4618-2009.
  21. Ji, X., Jiang, F. and Qian, J. (2013), "Seismic behavior of steel tube-double steel plate-concrete composite walls: experimental tests", J. Constr. Steel Res., 86, 17-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.03.011.
  22. KEA (2010), Nuclear Safety Related Structures: Steel-Plate Concrete Structure: KEPIC-SNG, Korea Electric Association Seoul, Korea.
  23. Lam, D. and Williams, C.A. (2004), "Experimental study on concrete filled square hollow sections", Steel Compos. Struct., 4, 95-112. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2004.4.2.095.
  24. Liang, Q.Q., Uy, B., Wright, H.D. and Bradford, M.A. (2004), "Local buckling of steel plates in double skin composite panels under biaxial compression and shear", J. Struct. Eng.,130, 443 451. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:3(443).
  25. Liew, J.R. and Sohel, K. (2009), "Lightweight steel-concrete-steel sandwich system with J-hook connectors", Eng. Struct., 31, 1166-1178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.01.013.
  26. Lam, D., Dai, X. and Saveri, E. (2013), "Behaviour of demountable shear connectors in steel-concrete composite beams", Compos. Construct. Steel Concrete VII, 618-631.
  27. Li, J., Chen, Z., Zhang, X., Yang, Q., Li, W. and Hu, L. (2016), "Tests for aseismic performance of connections between bundled lipped channel-concrete (BLC-C) composite walls and steel beams", J. Vib. Shock, 35, 159-165. https://doi.org/10.13465/j.cnki.jvs.2016.21.025.
  28. Li, D., Uy, B., Patel, V. and Aslani, F. (2018), "Behaviour and design of demountable CFST column-column connections subjected to compression", J. Constr. Steel Res., 141, 262-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.11.021.
  29. Li, D., Uy, B. and Wang, J. (2019), "Behaviour and design of high-strength steel beam-to-column joints", Steel Compos. Struct., 31, 303-317. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.31.3.303.
  30. Mesquita, A., Simoes, D.S.L. and Jordao, S. (2010), "Behaviour of I beam-SHS column steel joints with hollo-bolts: An experimental study", Tubular Structures XIII-Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Tubular Structures.
  31. Mago, N. and Hicks, S. (2016), "Fire behaviour of slender, highly utilized, eccentrically loaded concrete filled tubular columns", J. Constr. Steel Res., 119, 123-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.12.002.
  32. Mesquita, A., Simoes, D.S.L. and Jordao, S. (2021), "3D numerical models of steel joints with hollo-bolts-a comparison with experimental results", Modern Trends Res. Steel, Aluminium Compos. Struct. Routledge, 328-334.
  33. Mo, J., Uy, B., Li, D., Thai, H.T. and Tran, H. (2021), "A review of the behaviour and design of steel-concrete composite shear walls", Structures, 31, 1230-1253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.02.041.
  34. Nie, J.G., Hu, H.S., Fan, J.S., Tao, M.X., Li, S.Y. and Liu, F.J. (2013), "Experimental study on seismic behavior of highstrength concrete filled double-steel-plate composite walls", J. Constr. Steel Res., 88, 206-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.05.001.
  35. Rehman, N., Lam, D., Dai, X. and Ashour, A. (2018), "Testing of composite beam with demountable shear connectors", Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Structures and Buildings, 171, 3-16. https://doi.org/10.1680/jstbu.16.00172
  36. Tao, Z., Wang, Z.B. and Yu, Q. (2013), "Finite element modelling of concrete-filled steel stub columns under axial compression", J. Constr. Steel Res., 89, 121-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.07.001.
  37. Thai, H.T. and Uy, B. (2015), "Kang, Finite element modelling of blind bolted composite joints", J. Constr. Steel Res., 112, 339-353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.05.011.
  38. Thai, H.T., Uy, B., Yamesri and Aslani, F. (2017), "Behaviour of bolted endplate composite joints to square and circular CFST columns", J. Constr. Steel Res., 131, 68-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2016.12.022.
  39. Thai, H.T., Thai, S., Ngo, T., Uy, B., Kang, W.H. and Hicks, S. (2021), "Reliability considerations of modern design codes for CFST columns", J. Constr. Steel Res., 177, 106482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2020.106482.
  40. Tong, G., Hu, Z. and Chen, Y. (2021), "Study on the moment capacity of a connection joining an I-beam to concrete-filled multicellular steel tube walls", J. Constr. Steel Res., 182, 106643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2021.106643.
  41. Uy, B. (2008), "Stability and ductility of high performance steel sections with concrete infill", J. Constr. Steel Res., 64, 748-754. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2008.01.036.
  42. Varma, A.H., Malushte, S.R., Sener, K.C. and Lai, Z. (2014), "Steel-plate composite (SC) walls for safety related nuclear facilities: Design for in-plane forces and out-of-plane moments", Nucl. Eng. Des., 269, 240-249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2013.09.019.
  43. Wright, H., Evans, R. and Gallocher, S. (1992), "Composite walling", Composite Construction in Steel and Concrete II, 1992.
  44. Wright, H. (1998), "Axial and bending behavior of composite walls", J. Struct. Eng., 124, 758-764. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1998)124:7(758).
  45. Wang, J.F., Han, L.H. and Uy, B. (2009), "Behaviour of flush end plate joints to concrete-filled steel tubular columns", J. Constr. Steel Res., 65, 925-939. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2008.10.010.
  46. Wang, K. and Young, B. (2013), "Fire resistance of concrete-filled high strength steel tubular columns", Thin-Wall, Struct., 71, 46- 56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2013.05.005.
  47. Wang, J.F. and Spencer Jr, B.F. (2013), "Experimental and analytical behavior of blind bolted moment connections", J. Constr. Steel Res., 82, 33-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2012.12.002.
  48. Wang, J., Uy, B. and Li, D. (2019), "Behaviour of large fabricated stainless steel beam-to-tubular column joints with extended endplates", Steel Compos. Struct., 32, 141-156. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.32.1.141.
  49. Yan, J.B., Wang, Z., Wang, T. and Wang, X.T. (2018), "Shear and tensile behaviors of headed stud connectors in double skin composite shear wall", Steel Compos. Struct., 26, 759-769. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.26.6.759.
  50. Yan, J.B., Chen, A.Z. and Wang, T. (2019), "Developments of double skin composite walls using novel enhanced C-channel connectors", Steel Compos. Struct., 33, 877-889. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.33.6.877.
  51. Yan, J.B., Guan, H. and Wang, T. (2020), "Design and behaviour of double skin composite beams with novel enhanced Cchannels", Steel Compos. Struct., 37, 517-532. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2020.37.5.517.
  52. Zhang, K., Seo, J. and Varma, A.H. (2020), "Steel-plate composite walls: local buckling and design for axial compression", J. Struct. Eng., 146, 04020044. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002545.