DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of TRI on UTAUT in Transformation to Smart Factory: Focusing on Small and Medium-sized Manufacturing Companies

스마트 팩토리로의 전환에 있어서 기술준비도가 통합기술수용요인에 미치는 영향: 중소 제조 기업을 중심으로

  • Lee, Yong-Gyu (Department of General Education, Gimcheon University)
  • Received : 2022.06.08
  • Accepted : 2022.08.22
  • Published : 2022.09.30

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to suggest a plan to improve the level of acceptance of related technologies and the transition to smart factories of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises by using 'technology readiness' and 'integrated technology acceptance model'. To this end, the research hypothesis was verified by collecting questionnaire data from 130 small and medium-sized manufacturing companies in Korea and conducting path analysis. First, optimism affects performance expectations, social influence, and facilitation conditions, innovation affects performance expectations, effort expectations, and social influence, discomfort affects performance expectations, social influence, and facilitation conditions, and anxiety affects effort expectations, social influence and facilitation conditions. has been proven to affect Finally, performance expectations, effort expectations, social influence, and facilitation conditions were verified to have a significant positive effect on the intention to accept technology.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This paper was funded by the in-school academic research fund of Gimcheon University in 2021(gc21080).

References

  1. Agarwal, R. and Karahanna, E., Time Flies When You're Having Fun: Cognitive Absorption and Beliefs about Information Technology Usage, MIS Quarterly, 2000, Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 665-694. https://doi.org/10.2307/3250951
  2. Agarwal, R. and Prasad, J., The Role of Innovation Characteristics and Perceived Voluntariness in the Acceptance of Information Technologies, Decision Science, 1997, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 557-582. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1997.tb01322.x
  3. Alshehri, M., Drew, S., Alhussain, T., and Alghamdi, R., The Effects of Website Quality on Adoption of E-Government Service: AnEmpirical Study Applying UTAUT Model Using SEM, 23rd Australasian Conference On Information Systems, 2012, pp. 1-13.
  4. An, U.S., A Study on Factors of Determining Continuous Use of SNS: Based on Technology Readiness Acceptance Model, Journal of the Korea Service Management Society, 2016, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 257-280. https://doi.org/10.15706/jksms.2016.17.1.012
  5. Baptista, G. and Oliveira, T., Understanding Mobile Banking: The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Combined with Cultural Moderators, Computers in Human Behavior, 2015, Vol. 50, pp. 418-430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.04.024
  6. Chang, M.K., Cheung, W., Cheng, C.H., and Yeungng, J.H.Y., Understanding ERP System Adoption from the User's Perspective, International Journal of Production Economics, 2008, Vol. 113, No. 2, pp. 928-942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2007.08.011
  7. Cho, Y.J., Suggestions for the establishment of a smart factory for small and medium-sized manufacturing companies, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 2015.
  8. Choi, S.J. and Kang, Y.S., Consumers' Intentions for the Usage of Mobile Payments: Extending UTAUT with Innovativeness, Trust and Network Effect, Korean Telecommunications Policy Review, 2016, Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 29-52.
  9. Chung, B.G. and Dong, H.L., Influential Factors on Technology Acceptance of Augmented Reality(AR), Asia-Pacific Journal of Business and Venturing, 2019, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 153-168.
  10. Davis, F.D., A Technology Acceptance Model for Empirically Testing New End-User Information Systems: Theory and Results. Doctorial Dissertation Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985.
  11. Davis, F.D., Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology, MIS Quarterly, 1989, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 319-339. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008
  12. Davis, F.D., Bagozzi, R.P., and Warshaw, P.R., User Acceptance of Computer Technology: A Comparison of Two Theoretical Models, Management Science, 1989, Vol. 35, No. 8, pp. 982-1003. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.35.8.982
  13. Fornell, C. and Larcker, D.F., Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error, Journal of Marketing Research, 1981, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
  14. Gho, C.J. and Lee, G.T., Smart factory status and implications, KESSIA ISSUE REPORT, 2015.
  15. Hair, J.F., Hult, G.T.M., Ringle, C.M., and Saratedt, M., Understanding the PLS structural model, P&C Media, 2014.
  16. Han, S.L. and Shin, Y.J., Effects of Social Network Service User's Technology Readiness on the Online Opinion Leadership Activities, Telecommunications Review, 2011, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 26-36.
  17. Henseler, J., Ringle, C.M., and Sinkovics, R.R., The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing. In Sinkovics, R.R., Ghauri, P.N. eds. New challenge to international marketing, Emerald Group Publishing Limited. 2009, pp. 277-319.
  18. Jeon, S.H., Park, N.R., and Lee, C.C., Study on the Factors Affecting the Intention to Adopt Public Cloud Computing Service, Entrue Journal of Information Technology, 2011, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 97-112.
  19. Jeong, S.J., The Effect of Marketing Factors of Fashion Service Applying 4th Industrial Technology on Technology Acceptance and Intention to Use: Moderation Effect of Innovation. Department of Clothing Graduate School of Sungshin Women's University, 2019.
  20. Jin, T.S., In the era of the 4th industrial revolution, smart factory-based Busan manufacturing innovation plan. Busan Development Institute, 2016.
  21. Jung, C.H. and Namn, S.H., Cloud Computing Acceptance at Individual Level Based on Extended UTAUT, Journal of Digital Convergence, 2014, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 287-294. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDPM.2014.12.1.287
  22. Kang, S.H. and Kim, H.K., A Study on the User's Acceptance and Use of Easy Payment Service: Focused on the Moderating Effect of Innovation Resistance, Management & Information Systems Review, 2016, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 167-183.
  23. Kim, C.G. and Rho, S.Y., Public Administrators' Acceptance of the Practices of Digital Democracy: A Model on the Utilization of Online Policy Forums in South Korea, The Korean Governance Review, 2008, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 21-47. https://doi.org/10.17089/KGR.2008.15.2.002
  24. Kim, H.G., Empirical study on the intention to continuously use and to change to the smart factory, Majored in International Trade Graduate School of International Studies (GSIS) Busan National University, 2019.
  25. Kim, H.J. and Kang, S.Y., The Effect of Individuals' Technology Readiness on the Evaluation of Travel Products in Social Commerce, Journal of Consumption Culture, 2013, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.17053/JCC.2013.16.2.001
  26. Kim, H.J., Huh, H., Kang, J.W., and Boo, J.M., A Study on Factors Influencing the Introduction of Smart Factory: Focusing on Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Korea, Journal of Society of Korea Industrial and Systems Engineering, 2019, Vol. 42, No. 3, pp. 252-261. https://doi.org/10.11627/jkise.2019.42.3.252
  27. Kim, J.R. and Lee, S.J., Factors Affecting Technology Acceptance of Smart Factory, Journal of Information Technology Applications & Management, 2020, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 75-95.
  28. Kim, K.B. and Jeon, I.O., Influential Factors of Intention to Use Drone Technology: An Application of Extended UTAUT Model, Journal of Distribution and Management Research, 2018, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 161-173. https://doi.org/10.17961/JDMR.21.3.201806.161
  29. Kim, K.W., Factors Influencing the IoT Technology Acceptance and Policy Implication of SMEs, Legislation and Policy Studies, 2017, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 341-362. https://doi.org/10.22809/NARS.2017.9.3.014
  30. Kim, S.J. and Kim, C.B., A Study on the Continuous Usage Intention of Easy Payment Applying Technology Readiness and Expectation-Confirmation Model, Journal of Business Research, 2018, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 51-72. https://doi.org/10.22903/JBR.2018.33.3.51
  31. Kim, S.J., Park, S.M., and Kim, C.B., A Study on the Factors Forming the Intention to Continuously Use the Easy Payment through the Expectation-Confirmation Model, Journal of the Korea Service Management Society, 2018, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 185-203.
  32. Korea Smart Manufacturing Office, Smart factory business management system, Korea Smart Manufacturing Office, 2022.
  33. Ko, W.H., Shin, K.H., and Lee, C.Y., A Study on User Behavioral Intention of e-Procurement System, Journal of Korean Institute of Information Technology, 2015, Vol. 13, No. 11, pp. 167-175.
  34. Kwon, O.J., An Empirical Study on the Acceptance of Potential Smartphone Users, Internet & Information Security, 2010, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 55-83.
  35. Lam, S.Y., Chiang, J.W., and Parasuraman, A. The Effects of the Dimensions of Technology Readiness on Technology Acceptance: An Empirical Analysis, Journal of Interactive Marketing, 2008, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 19-39.
  36. Lee, H.G. and Han, M.S., An Empirical Study on the Consumer Acceptance of Internet Primary Bank: The Application of UTAUT Model, The Journal of Business Education, 2019, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 59-87. https://doi.org/10.34274/KRABE.2019.33.1.003
  37. Lee, H.S. and Leem, J.H., SPSS New UI Manual, Jiphyunjae, 2019.
  38. Lee, J.E. and Shin, M.S., Factors for the Adoption of Smartphone-based Mobile Banking: On User's Technology Readiness and Expertise, The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies, 2011, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 155-172. https://doi.org/10.7838/JSEBS.2011.16.4.155
  39. Lee, J.M., Information and communication media convergence and selection-changes in usage factors: Focusing on the internet and mobile, Korean Aacademic Information, 2005.
  40. Lee, J.W. and Kim, E.H., Impacts of Small and Medium Enterprises' Recognition of Social Media on Their Behavioral Intention and Use Behavior, Journal of Information Technology Services, 2015, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 195-215. https://doi.org/10.9716/KITS.2015.14.1.195
  41. Lee, K.B., Hwang, J.Y., and Jung, S., A Study on Factors Affecting Intention for Using Virtual Cluster Dynamic Collaboration Software, Information Society & Media, 2013, Vol. 26, pp. 38-73.
  42. Lee, S.W. and Lee, H.S., A Study on an Integrative Model for Big Data System Adoption: Based on TOE, DOI and UTAUT, Journal of Information Technology Applications & Management, 2014, Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 463-483.
  43. Lee, Y.G., A study on the determinants of acceptance of smart factory using the extended integrated technology model, [Gumi, Korea]: Department of Industrial Engineering, Graduate School Kumoh National Institute of Technology, 2021.
  44. Lee, Y.G. and Park, C.K., A Study on the Policy Direction for the Introduction and Activation of Smart Factories by Korean SMEs, Asia Pacific Journal of Small Business, 2020, Vol. 42, No. 4, pp. 251-283. https://doi.org/10.36491/APJSB.42.4.10
  45. Lee, Y.G., Park, C.K., and Seo, Y.B., A Study on the Determinants of Smart Factories' Acceptance of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Focusing on the Unified Technology Acceptance Model(UTAUT), Korean Corporation Management Review, 2020, Vol. 27, No. 5, pp. 157-182. https://doi.org/10.21052/KCMR.2020.27.5.08
  46. Lin, C.H., Shin, H.Y., and Sher, P.J., Integrating Technology Readiness into Technology Acceptance: The TRAM Model, Psychology and Marketing, 2007, Vol. 24, No. 7, pp. 641-657. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20177
  47. Lin, J.S.C. and Hsieh, P.L., The Role of Technology Readiness in Customers' Perception and Adoption of Self-Service Technologies, International Journal of Service Industry Management, 2006, Vol. 17, No. 5, pp. 497-517. https://doi.org/10.1108/09564230610689795
  48. Meng, F.Q., Park, K.S., and Oh, S.W., The Moderating Effects of Technology Readiness, User Traits and Situational Factors on Usage Attitude and Intention to Technology-Based Self-Service, Journal of the Korea Service Management Society, 2017, Vol. 18, No. 3, pp. 69-104.
  49. Mick, D.G. and Fournier, S., Paradoxes of Technology: Consumer Cognizance, Emotions, and Coping Strategies, Journal of Consumer Research, 1998, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 123-143. https://doi.org/10.1086/209531
  50. Ministry of SMEs and Startups, Status of Korean SMEs, Ministry of SMEs and Startups, 2022.
  51. Min, S.J., Kim, H.J., and Song, G.H., An Exploratory Study on the Determinants of the Acceptance of Chatbots Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology(UTAUT), Proceedings of the Spring Conference of the Korean Society for Technology Innovation, 2017, pp. 623-643.
  52. Oh, J.C., A Comparative Study on the Purchase of Mobile Application in Korea and China: Based on the UTAUT, The e-Business Studies, 2015, Vol. 16, No. 6, pp. 43-63. https://doi.org/10.15719/GEBA.16.6.201512.43
  53. Oh, J.C., An Empirical Study on Use-Diffusion of AR Technology Based on VAM: The Moderating Effects of Positive TRI, The e-business Studies, 2017, Vol. 18, No. 5, pp. 225-244. https://doi.org/10.15719/GEBA.18.5.201710.225
  54. Oh, J.H., Seo, J.H., and Kim, J.D., The Effect of Both Employees Attitude toward Technology Acceptance and Ease of Technology Use on Smart Factory Technology Introduction Level and Manufacturing Performance, Journal of Information Technology Applications & Management, 2019, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 13-26.
  55. Oh, J.J. and Choi, S.J., Development of PLC-based Fieldbus Educational Equipment and Curriculum for building Smart Factory, Journal of Practical Engineering Education, 2017, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 49-56. https://doi.org/10.14702/JPEE.2017.049
  56. Oh, S.C. and Ahn, Y.H., A Study on the Diagnosis Measurement for the Smart Factory Level in the 4th Industrial Revolution, Korea Logistics Review, 2019, Vol. 29, No. 6, pp. 149-162.
  57. Oh, W.G., Influence of the 4th industrial revolution on product life cycle management: The perspective of the perception of expert groups, Department of Management Information, Dongguk University, 2018.
  58. Parasuraman, A., Technology Readiness Index (TRI): A Multiple-Item Scale to Measure Readiness to Embrace New Technologies, Journal of Service Research, 2000, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 307-320. https://doi.org/10.1177/109467050024001
  59. Park, C.K. and Seo, Y.B., A Study on the Intention to Use Technology Related to the 4th Industrial Revolution and Smart Factory Using the Expanded UTAUT, Korean Business Education Review, 2020, Vol. 35, No. 5, pp. 501-532. https://doi.org/10.23839/kabe.2020.35.5.501
  60. Park, S.C. and Kwon, S.J., A Study on Factors Affecting Intention to Switch for Using Cloud Computing: A Case of Goolgle Docs, Journal of Information Technology Services, 2011, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 149-166. https://doi.org/10.9716/KITS.2011.10.3.149
  61. Rogers, E.M., Diffusion of innovations, 5th edition. New York: Free Press, 2003.
  62. Seo, Y.B. and Park, C.K., A Study on the Intention to Use Technologies Related to Smart Factories of Companies that Construct Responsive Supply: Focused on Extended UTAUT Model, Journal of the Korean Society Supply Chain Management, 2020, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 27-47.
  63. Sun, Z.J., Factors Affecting on Users' Intention in Using Social Commerce and Online Shopping, The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 352-360. https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2014.14.03.352
  64. Tai, Y.M. and Ku, Y.C., Will Stock Investors Use Mobile Stock Trading? A Benefit-Risk Assessment Based on a Modified UTAUT Model, Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 2013, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 67-84.
  65. Tenenhaus, M., Vinzi, V.E. Chatelin, Y.M., and Lauro, C., PLS Path Modeling, Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, 2005, Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 159-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2004.03.005
  66. Venkatesh, V., Morris, M.G., Davis, G.B., and Davis, F.D., User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward a Unified View, MIS Quarterly, 2003, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 425-478. https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540
  67. Walczuch, R., Lemmink, J., and Streukens, S., The Effect of Service Employees' Technology Readiness on Technology Acceptance, Information & Management, 2007, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 206-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2006.12.005
  68. Yang, S.H., Hwang, Y.S., and Park, J.K., A Study on the Use of Fintech Payment Services Based on the UTAUT Model, Journal of Management & Economics, 2016, Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 183-209.