Korean Journal of Ichthyology (한국어류학회지)

The Ichthyological Society of Korea (한국어류학회)
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Experiment of Artificial Ladder for the Improve of Eel Ladder: II. About Pebble Size and Ladder Angles

뱀장어 전용어도 개선을 위한 인공어도 실험 II. 자갈 입자 및 각도에 대하여

  • 김재구 (주식회사 알파생태연구원)
  • Received : 2022.05.25
  • Accepted : 2022.06.21
  • Published : 2022.06.30
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Abstract

Most of the downstream of the river is blocked by beams, so fishways are required for the movement of conciliatory fish species and connection with the upstream. Therefore, it is very important as an ecological pier that can help free movement of fish. The three previously installed eel ladders use only brushes on the bottom. For find out the effect of the bottom material except to brush, experimented used model glass eel ladders to the ascent of glass eel. The eel ladder model was 1.2 m length, 0.3 m wide, and 0.1 m high, and three gravels of different particles were attached to the bottom of the fish ladder setting on the Geumgang Estuary Bank. The first model ladder was made of gravel with particles of 5 mm, and the second model ladder was made of gravel with particles of 2 mm. The third model ladder was made by solidifying with particles of 1 mm or less cement. All experiments were repeated 5 times for 1 hour. As a result of the experiment, the lower the angle, and the smaller the gravel particles, the more glass eels are ascended to the ladder, but the made of cement was nearly not ascent. The gravel-bottom model ladder has a lower discharge and flow rate than the brush ladder so more glass eels can ascent ladder, and if the glass eel ladder is improved through experiments applying various floor materials and variables in the future, more glass eels are going to ascent glass eel ladder.

현재 하천 하류의 대부분이 보에 막혀 있어 회유성 어종의 이동 및 상류와의 연결을 위한 어도가 필요하다. 따라서 어류의 자유로운 이동에 도움이 될 어도는 생태적 교각으로서 매우 중요하다. 현재 가동되고 있는 실뱀장어 전용어도는 바닥에 솔이 심어져 있으며, 솔 이외에 바닥 재질이 실뱀장어의 소상에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 금강하굿둑에 설치한 모형어도를 이용한 소상 실험을 진행했다. 모형어도는 길이 1.2 m, 넓이 0.3 m, 높이 0.1 m로, 어도 바닥에 각기 다른 입자의 3가지 자갈을 붙여 제작하였다. 첫 번째 어도는 입자가 5 mm인 자갈을 사용하였고, 두 번째 어도는 입자가 2 mm인 자갈을 이용하여 제작하였다. 세 번째 어도는 입자가 1 mm 이하인 모래시멘트를 굳혀 제작하였다. 모든 실험은 1시간씩 5회 반복하여 진행하였다. 실험 결과, 각도가 낮을수록 더 많은 실뱀장어가 소상하였고, 자갈의 입자는 작을수록 실뱀장어가 더 많이 소상하였으나, 시멘트로 만든 어도는 실뱀장어가 거의 소상하지 못했다. 자갈을 굳혀 만든 모형어도는 솔 간격 어도에 비해 유량 및 유속이 적어 실뱀장어가 더욱 많이 소상하였으며, 차후 다양한 바닥 재질 및 변수를 적용한 실험을 통해 어도를 개선하면 더 많은 실뱀장어가 소상할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 조사는 한국농어촌공사 2021년 뱀장어 전용어도 생물상 모니터링 연구사업에 의해 수행되었습니다. 또한 본 연구에 도움을 주신 한국농어촌공사 어촌수산처 관계자 분들과 신유신, 박철우, 김종욱, 조윤정, 임민영 연구원에게 감사드립니다.

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