The Plant Pathology Journal

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
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Leek Yellow Stripe Virus Can Adjust for Host Adaptation by Trimming the N-Terminal Domain to Allow the P1 Protein to Function as an RNA Silencing Suppressor

  • Sasaki, Jun (Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University) ;
  • Kawakubo, Shusuke (Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University) ;
  • Kim, Hangil (Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University) ;
  • Kim, Ok-Kyung (Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture) ;
  • Yamashita, Kazuo (Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture) ;
  • Shimura, Hanako (Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University) ;
  • Masuta, Chikara (Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University)
  • Received : 2022.06.08
  • Accepted : 2022.06.21
  • Published : 2022.08.01
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Abstract

In Japan, the P1 protein (S-type) encoded by leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV) isolates detected in Honshu and southward is shorter than the P1 (N-type) of LYSV isolates from garlic grown in Hokkaido due to a large deletion in the N-terminal half. In garlic fields in Hokkaido, two types of LYSV isolate with N- and S-type P1s are sometimes found in mixed infections. In this study, we confirmed that N- and S-type P1 sequences were present in the same plant and that they belong to different evolutionary phylogenetic groups. To investigate how LYSV with S-type P1 (LYSV-S) could have invaded LYSV with N-type P1 (LYSV-N)-infected garlic, we examined wild Allium spp. plants in Hokkaido and found that LYSV was almost undetectable. On the other hand, in Honshu, LYSV-S was detected at a high frequency in Allium spp. other than garlic, suggesting that the LYSV-S can infect a wider host range of Allium spp. compared to LYSV-N. Because P1 proteins of potyviruses have been reported to promote RNA silencing suppressor (RSS) activity of HC-Pro proteins, we analyzed whether the same was true for P1 of LYSV. In onion, contrary to expectation, the P1 protein itself had RSS activity. Moreover, the RSS activity of S-type P1 was considerably stronger than that of N-type P1, suggesting that LYSV P1 may be able to enhance its RSS activity when the deletion is in the N-terminal half and that acquiring S-type P1 may have enabled LYSV to expand its host range.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We thank Ms. Kuniko Konno for providing wild Allium plants. We also thank Ms. Chieko Hirata for viral detection by RT-PCR. This work was partially supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 21H02190.

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