Earthquakes and Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The use of cost-benefit analysis in performance-based earthquake engineering of steel structures

  • Ravanshadnia, Hamidreza (Department of Civil Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University of Tehran) ;
  • Shakib, Hamzeh (Department of Civil Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University of Tehran) ;
  • Ansari, Mokhtar (Department of Civil Engineering, Bozorgmehr University of Qaenat) ;
  • Safiey, Amir (Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder)
  • Received : 2021.06.28
  • Accepted : 2022.05.18
  • Published : 2022.06.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

It is of great importance to be able to evaluate different structural systems not only based on their seismic performance but also considering their lifetime service costs. Many structural systems exist that can meet the engineering requirements for different performance levels; therefore, these systems shall be selected based on their economic costs over time. In this paper, two structural systems, including special steel moment-resisting and the ordinary concentric braced frames, are considered, which are designed to meet the three performance levels: Immediate Occupancy (IO), Life Safety (LS), Collapse Prevention (CP). The seismic behavior of these two systems is studied under three strong ground motions (i.e., Tabas, Bam, Kajour earthquake records) using the Perform3D package, and the incurred damages to the studied systems are examined at two hazard levels. Economic analyses were performed to determine the most economical structural system to meet the specified performance level requirements, considering the initial cost and costs associated with damages of an earthquake that occurred during their lifetime. In essence, the economic lifetime study results show that the special moment-resisting frames at IO and LS performance levels are at least 20% more economical than braced frames. The result of the study for these building systems with different heights designed for different performance levels also shows it is more economical from the perspective of long-term ownership of the property to design for higher performance levels even though the initial construction cost is higher.

Keywords

References

  1. Alimoradi, A., Pezeshk, S. and Foley, C.M. (2007), "Probabilistic performance-based optimal design of steel moment-resisting frames. ii: application", J. Struct. Eng., 133(6), 757-766. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2007)133:6(767).
  2. Ansari M., Daneshjoo F., and Soltani M. (2017), "On estimation of seismic residual displacements in reinforced concrete single column bridges through force-displacement method", Int. J. Civil Eng., 15(4), 473-486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-016-0079-1.
  3. Ansari, M., Ansari, M., and Safiey, A. (2018), "Evaluation of seismic performance of mid-rise reinforced concrete frames subjected to far-field and near-field ground motions", Earthq. Struct., 15(5), 453-462. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2018.15.5.453.
  4. Ansari, M., Gholi pour, H. and Safiey, A. (2019), "Seismic performance of mid-rise code-conforming X-braced steel frames", J. Mater. Eng. Struct., 6(2), 279-292.
  5. Ansari, M., Safiey, A. and Abbasi, M. (2020), "Fragility-based performance evaluation of mid-rise reinforced concrete frames in near field and far field earthquakes", Struct. Eng. Mech., 76(6), 751-763. https://doi.org/10.12989/SEM.2020.76.6.751
  6. Bozornia, Y., Bereto, V, V. (2004), Earthquake Engineering: From Engineering Seismology to Performance-Based Engineering, CRC press, Boca Raton, Florida, U.S.A.
  7. Cardone, D., Gesualdi G. and Perrone, G. (2017) "Cost-benefit analysis of alternative retrofit strategies for RC frame buildings". J. Earthq. Eng., 23(2), 208-241. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2017.1323041.
  8. Comerio, M., Gordon, P. (1998) "Defining the links between planning, policy analysis, economics and earthquake engineering", PEER Invitational Workshop, Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A, May.
  9. Council BSS. (2000), Prestandard and Commentary for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, DC, U.S.A. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2020.76.6.751.
  10. Inokuma, A. (2002), "Basic study of performance-based design in civil engineering" J. Prof. Iss. Eng. Ed. Pr., 128(1), 30-35. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1052-3928(2002)128:1(30).
  11. Jaimes, M.A., Nino, M. (2017) "Cost-benefit analysis to assess seismic mitigation options in Mexican public school buildings", Bull. Earthq. Eng., 15, 3919-3942. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-017-0119-5.
  12. Jones, K., Morga, M., Wanigarathna, N. and Pascale, F. (2019) "Cost-benefit analysis of liquefaction mitigation strategies", In: IABSE Symposium 2019 Guimaraes: Towards a Resilient Built Environment - Risk and Asset Management, Guimaraes, Portugal, March.
  13. Kappos, A.J. and Dimitrakopoulos, E.G. (2008) "Feasibility of pre-earthquake strengthening of buildings based on cost-benefit and life-cycle cost analysis, with the aid of fragility curves", Nat. Hazards, 45(1), 33-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-007-9155-9.
  14. Kull, D., Mechler, R. and Hochrainer-Stigler, S. (2013) "Probabilistic cost-benefit analysis of disaster risk management in a development context", Disasters 37(3), 374-400. https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12002.
  15. Kyriakides, N.C., Chrysostomou, C.Z., Tantele, E.A., and Votsis, R.A. (2015) "Framework for the derivation of analytical fragility curves and life cycle cost analysis for non-seismically designed buildings", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 78, 116-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2015.07.008.
  16. Michel-Kerjan E., Hochrainer-Stigler S., Kunreuther H., Linnerooth-Bayer J., Mechler R., Muir-Wood R., Ranger N., Vaziri P.and Young M. (2013) "Catastrophe risk models for evaluating disaster risk reduction investments in developing countries". Risk Anal., 33(6),984-999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2012.01928.x.
  17. Miranda, E., Aslani, A. (2003), "Probabilistic response assessment for building-specific loss estimation", EEC-9701568; Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A.
  18. Moehle, J., Bozorgnia, Y. and Yang, T. (2007). "The tall buildings initiative", Proceedings of SEAOC Convention, Squaw Creek, CA, U.S.A, January.
  19. Padgett, J.E., Dennemann, K. and Ghosh, J. (2009) "Risk-based seismic Life-Cycle Cost-Benefit (LCC-B) analysis for bridge retrofit assessment", Struct. Saf., 32(3), 165-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2009.10.003.
  20. Rojas, H. A., Pezeshk, S. and Foley, C.M. (2007). "Performance-based optimization considering both structural and nonstructural components." J. Earthq. Spectra, 23(3), 685-709. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.2754002.
  21. Smyth, A. W., Altay, G., Deodatis, G., Erdik, M., and Franco, P. (2004). "Probabilistic benefit-cost analysis for earthquake damage mitigation: Evaluating measures for apartment houses in Turkey" J. Earthq. Spectra, 20(1), 171-203. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1649937.
  22. Sousa, L., Monteiro, R. (2018) "Seismic retrofit options for nonstructural building partition walls: Impact on loss estimation and cost-benefit analysis". Eng. Struct., 161, 8-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.01.028.
  23. Tarfan, S., Banazadeh, M., and Esteghamati, M.Z. (2019) "Probabilistic seismic assessment of nonductile RC buildings retrofitted using pre-tensioned aramid fiber reinforced polymer belts". Compos. Struct., 208, 865-878. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.10.048.
  24. Thiel, J. and Hagen, Sh. (1998), "Economic analysis of earthquake retrofit options: an application to welded steel moment frames", Struct. Des. Tall Buildings, 7(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1794(199803)7:1<1::AIDTAL99>3.0.CO;2-D.
  25. Wen, Y.K. and Kang, Y.J. (2001) "Minimum building life-cycle cost design criteria. I: Methodology", J. Struct. Eng., 127(3), 330-337. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:3(330)
  26. Zareian, F., Krawinkler, H (2007), "Structural system selection using performance-based design.", Research Frontiers at Structures Conf, Long Beach, California, May.
  27. Zerbe, R.O., Falit-Baiamonte, A. (2001) "The use of benefit-cost analysis for evaluation of performance-based earthquake engineering decisions". Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A.