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Screening of Volatile Organic Compound-Producing Yeasts and Yeast-Like Fungi against Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus

  • Nasanit, Rujikan (Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Sanamchandra Palace Campus) ;
  • Jaibangyang, Sopin (Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Sanamchandra Palace Campus) ;
  • Onwibunsiri, Tikamporn (Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Sanamchandra Palace Campus) ;
  • Khunnamwong, Pannida (Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University)
  • Received : 2022.02.07
  • Accepted : 2022.04.25
  • Published : 2022.06.28

Abstract

Aflatoxin contamination in rice has been documented in a number of studies, and has a high incidence in Asian countries, and as such, there has been a growing interest in alternative biocontrol strategies to address this issue. In this study, 147 strains of yeasts and yeast-like fungi were screened for their potential to produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) active against Aspergillus flavus strains that produce aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Five strains within four different genera showed greater than 50% growth inhibition of some strains of A. flavus. These were Anthracocystis sp. DMKU-PAL124, Aureobasidium sp. DMKU-PAL120, Aureobasidium sp. DMKU-PAL144, Rhodotorula sp. DMKU-PAL99, and Solicococcus keelungensis DMKU-PAL84. VOCs produced by these microorganisms ranged from 4 to 14 compounds and included alcohols, alkenes, aromatics, esters and furans. The major VOCs produced by the closely related Aureobasidium strains were found to bedistinct. Moreover, 2-phenylethanol was the most abundant compound generated by Aureobasidium sp. DMKU-PAL120, while methyl benzeneacetate was the major compound emitted from Aureobasidium sp. DMKU-PAL144. On the other hand, 2-methyl-1-butanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol were significant compounds produced by the other three genera. These antagonists apparently inhibited A. flavus sporulation and mycelial development. Additionally, the reduction of the AFB1 in the fungal-contaminated rice grains was observed after co-incubation with these VOC-producing strains and ranged from 37.7 ± 8.3% to 60.3 ± 3.4%. Our findings suggest that these same microorganisms are promising biological control agents for use against aflatoxin-producing fungi in rice and other agricultural products.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors are grateful to Associate Professor Dr. Nantana Srisuk of Kasetsart University, the director of the research program. This work was supported by Kasetsart University Research and Development Institute, KURDI under Grant no. FF(KU)18.64.

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