Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회지)

The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Microbial Additives and Silo Density on Chemical Compositions, Fermentation Indices, and Aerobic Stability of Whole Crop Rice Silage

미생물 첨가와 사일로 밀도가 총체벼 사일리지의 영양소 함량, 발효특성 및 호기적 안전성에 미치는 영향

  • Joo, Young Ho (Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Jeong, Seung Min (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus.), Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Seo, Myeong Ji (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus.), Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lee, Seong Shin (Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science) ;
  • Choi, Ki Choon (Department of Grassland and Forage Science, National Institute of Animal Science) ;
  • Kim, Sam Churl (Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 주영호 (경상국립대학교 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 정승민 (경상국립대학교 응용생명과학부(BK21Plus)) ;
  • 서명지 (경상국립대학교 응용생명과학부(BK21Plus)) ;
  • 이성신 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 영양생리과) ;
  • 최기춘 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 초지사료과) ;
  • 김삼철 (경상국립대학교 농업생명과학연구원)
  • Received : 2022.06.08
  • Accepted : 2022.06.20
  • Published : 2022.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The present study investigated effects of microbial additives and silo density on chemical compositions, fermentation indices, and aerobic stability of whole crop rice (WCR) silage. The WCR ("Youngwoo") was harvested at 49.7% dry matter (DM), and ensiled into 500 kg bale silo with two different compaction pressures at 430 kgf (kilogram-force)/cm2 (LOW) and 760 kgf/cm2 (HIGH) densities. All WCR forage were applied distilled water (CON) or mixed inoculants (Lactobacillus brevis 5M2 and Lactobacillus buchneri 6M1) with 1:1 ratio at 1x105 colony forming unit/g (INO). The concentrations of DM, crude protein, ether extract, crude ash, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber of whole crop rice before ensiling were 49.7, 9.59, 2.85, 6.74, 39.7, and 21.9%, respectively. Microbial additives and silo density did not affect the chemical compositions of WCR silage (p>0.05). The INO silages had lower lactate (p<0.001), but higher propionate (p<0.001). The LOW silages had higher lactate (p=0.004). The INO silages had higher yeast count (p<0.001) and aerobic stability (p<0.001). However, microbial counts and aerobic stability were not affected by silo density. Therefore, this study concluded that fermentation quality of WCR silage improved by microbial additives, but no effects by silo density.

본 연구에서는 미생물 첨가제와 사일로 밀도가 총체벼 곤포 사일리지의 영양소 함량, 발효특성 및 호기적 안전성에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 수행하였다. 미생물 첨가와 사일로 밀도는 사일리지의 영양소 함량에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 하지만, INO 시험구에서 lactate 함량, lactate와 acetate 비율 및 LAB는 감소하였고, propionate 함량, yeast 및 호기적 안전성은 증가하였다. 사일로 밀도는 pH와 lactate 함량에 영향을 미쳤으나, 처리 구간 차이는 매우 적었다. 이상의 결과에서, L. brevis 5M2와 L. buchneri 6M1을 포함한 혼합형 LAB 첨가제 사용은 총체벼 곤포 사일리지의 호기적 안전성 개선에 유리하며, 사일로 밀도는 베일 압력이 430~770 kgf/cm2일 때 정상적인 사일리지 발효가 일어나는 것으로 확인되었다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 농림식품축산기술기획평가원의 연구사업(과제번호: 319039-03-2-HD020)의 지원에 의해 이루어졌습니다.

References

  1. Adesogan, A.T., Krueger, N., Salawu, M.B., Dean, D.B. and Staples, C.R. 2004. The influence of treatment with dual purpose bacterial inoculants or soluble carbohydrates on the fermentation and aerobic stability of bermudagrass. Journal of Dairy Science. 87:3407-3416. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73476-1
  2. Anesio, A.H.C., Santos, M.V., Da Silva, L.D., Silveira, R.R., Braz, T.G.S. and Pereira, R.C. 2017. Effects of ensiling density on chemical and microbiological characteristics of sorghum silage. Journal of Animal Feed Science. 26:65-69. doi:10.22358/jafs/69270/2017
  3. AOAC. 2005. Official method of analysis (18th ed.). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington DC. USA.
  4. Arriola, K.G., Kim, S.C., Huisden, C.M. and Adesogan, A.T. 2012. Stay-green ranking and maturity of corn hybrids: 1. Effects on dry matter yield, nutritional value, fermentation characteristics, and aerobic stability of silage hybrids in Florida. Journal of Dairy Science. 95:964-974. doi:10.3168/jds.2011-4524
  5. Chaney, A.L. and Marbach, E.P. 1962. Modified reagents for determination of urea and ammonia. Clinical Chemistry. 8:130-132. doi:10.1093/clinchem/8.2.130
  6. Driehuis, F., Oude Elferink, S.J.W.H. and Van Wikselaar, P.G. 2001. Fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability of grass silage inoculated with Lactobacillus buchneri, with or without homofermentative lactic acid bacteria. Grass and Forage Science. 56:330-343. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2494.2001.00282.x
  7. Han, K.J., Collins, M., Vanzant, E.S. and Dougherty, C.T. 2004. Bale density and moisture effects on alfalfa round bale silage. Crop Science. 44:914-919. doi:10.2135/cropsci2004.9140
  8. Joo, Y.H., Kim, D.H., Lee, H.J., Lee, S.S., Paradhipta, D.H.V., Choi, I.H. and Kim, S.C. 2020. Effects of microbial and organic additives on fermentation quality and aerobic stability of barley silage. Journal of Agriculture & Life Science. 54:35-44. doi:10.14397/jals.202.54.1.35
  9. Korea Rural Economic Institute (KREI). 2018. Impact and prospects of international grain supply and demand and prices according to recent weather changes. KERI Agricultural Focus. pp. 172.
  10. Kruger, A.M., Lima, P.M.T., Filho, A.L.A., Moro, J.G., Carvalho, I.Q., Abdalla, A.L. and Jobim, C.C. 2020. Dry matter concentration and corn silage density: Effects on forage quality. Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales. 8:20-27. doi:10.17138/tgft(8)20-27
  11. Lee, S.S., Lee, H.J., Paradhipta, D.H.V., Joo, Y.H., Kim, S.B. and Kim, S.C. 2019. Temperature and microbial changes of corn silage during aerobic exposure. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 32:988-995. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.18.0566
  12. McDonald, P., Henderson, A.R. and Heron, S.J.E. 1991. The biochemistry of silage (2nd ed.). Marlow, Bucks, UK: Chalcombe Publications. pp. 248-291.
  13. Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA). 2020. Press. 2020 promotion of support project for cultivation of other crops in paddy.
  14. Paradhipta, D.H.V., Joo, Y.H., Lee, H.J., Lee, S.S., Kim, D.H., Kim, S.D. and Kim, S.C. 2019. Effects of inoculant application on fermentation quality and rumen digestibility of high moisture sorghum-sudangrass silage. Journal of Applied Animal Research. 47:486-491. doi:10.1080/09712119.2019.1670667
  15. Paradhipta, D.H.V., Lee, S.S., Kang, B.S., Joo, Y.H., Lee, H.J., Lee, Y.Y., Kim, J.W. and Kim, S.C. 2020. Dual-purpose inoculants and their effects on corn silage. Microorganisms. 8:765. doi:10.3390/microorganisms8050765
  16. Sucu, E., Kalkan, H., Canbolat, O. and Filya, I. 2016. Effects of ensiling density on nutritive value of maize and sorghum silages. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. 45:596-603. doi:10.1590/S1806-92902016001000003
  17. Takahashi, T., Horiguchi, K. and Goto, M. 2005. Effect of crushing unhulled rice and the addition of fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria on the fermentation quality of whole crop rice silage, and its digestibility and rumen fermentation status in sheep. Animal Science Journal. 76:353-358. doi:10.1111/j.1740-0929.2005.00275.x
  18. Tian, J., Xu, N., Liu, B., Huan, H., Gu, H., Donf, C. and Ding, C. 2020. Interaction effect of silo density and additives on the fermentation quality. Bioresource Technology. 297:122412. doi:10/1016/j.biortech.2019.122412 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122412
  19. Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B. and Lewis, B.A. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science. 74:3583-3597. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
  20. Wanapat, M., Kang, S., Khejornsart, P., Pilajun, R. and Wanapat, S. 2014. Performance of tropical dairy cows fed whole crop rice silage with varying levels of concentrate. Tropical Animal Health and Production. 46:185-189. doi:10.1007/s11250-013-0473-5
  21. Weinberg, Z.G., Shatz, O., Chen, Y., Yosef, E., Nikbahat, M., Ben-Ghedalia, D. and Miron, J. 2007. Effect of lactic acid bacteria inoculants on in vitro digestibility of wheat and corn silages. Journal of Dairy Science. 90:4754-4762. doi:10.3168/jds.2007-0176