Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회지)

The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회)
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Evaluation of Biomass and Feed Value of Forage Wheat in Central Region at the Paddy by Cultivars

중부지역 논 재배 사료용 밀의 품종별 생산성 및 사료가치 평가

  • Cho, Hyun Min (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA) ;
  • Shin, Myeong Na (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA) ;
  • Shim, Kang Bo (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA) ;
  • Han, Areum (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA) ;
  • Jeon, Weon Tai (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA)
  • 조현민 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 신명나 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 심강보 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 한아름 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 전원태 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과)
  • Received : 2022.05.10
  • Accepted : 2022.06.18
  • Published : 2022.06.30
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Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the productivity of whole crop silage wheat utilizing the paddy fields during a couple of years from 2019 to 2021 in Suwon, Korea. This investigation was used the two maturity types of wheat cultivar 'Cheongwoo' (early) and 'Taeu' (late). The heading date of 2nd year (Oct. 2020 to May. 2021) cultivation was delayed about 11 to 13 days by more than 1st year (Oct. 2019 to May. 2020). The growth characteristics were shown that the plant height was increased in 2nd cultivation, while the number of culms and the panicle part ratio were decreased. Moreover, the nutritive value of 'Cheongwoo' and 'Taeu' were also decreased in 2nd cultivation. These changes have thought to a difference of the precipitation by cultivation years. Because, the precipitation during the period from the end of winter dormancy to the harvesting stage in 2nd (337 mm) cultivation was more about twice than 1st (169.3 mm) cultivation. However, the dry matter yield of 'Cheongwoo' was not shown a statistical difference by cultivation years, while 'Taeu' was shown to decrease tendency. The total dry matter yield regardless of the cultivation years were higher in 'Cheongwoo' than 'Taeu', and especially 'Cheongwoo' was more 3 tons per hectare (15.3 t/ha) than 'Taeu' (12.6 t/ha) at 2nd cultivation (p<0.01). The trend of dry weight in 'Cheongwoo', early mature type, showed a relatively high ratio of dry matter (p<0.05) was considered that due to a high panicle ratio by a fast heading and an adequate weight of panicles by a sufficient maturing. In conclusion, selecting the early maturity cultivars could achieve a higher and more stable total dry matter yield considering the cropping system in the central region. Furthermore, it also has the advantage of being able to double-cropping system with forage rice, which has considered the maximum whole-crop forage production year-round. These results suggest that the 'Cheongwoo' be optimum cultivar to produce the year-round forage on paddy fields in the central region.

중부지역에서 사료용 밀의 건물 생산 특성 및 사료가치를 평가하기 위하여 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 수원 벼 재배 시험 포장에서 최근 육성·등록된 '청우'와 '태우' 품종을 이용하여 2년간 수행하였다. 사료용 밀 품종 조숙형 '청우'와 만숙형 '태우'의 숙기에 따른 출수기는 11-13일 정도 차이를 보였다. 동일 품종 내 연차 간 출수기는 1년차에 비해 2년차 재배에서 '청우'가 3일, '태우'가 1일 지연되었다. 초장은 약 4-12%, 수장은 85-95% 정도 '태우'가 길었고(p<0.001), 경수는 '청우'에서 약 94-104% 정도 많았다(p<0.001). 생체수량은 1년차 재배 시 '태우'가, 2년차 재배 시 '청우'가 많은 것으로 연차 간 상반된 양상을 보였으나 통계적인 차이는 없었다. 그러나, 건물수량은 연차에 관계없이 '청우'에서 많았고, 특히 2년차 재배에서 헥타르 당 3톤 가량 많은 15.3 t/ha로 '태우' 12.6 t/ha 보다 '청우'에서 약 21% 가량 높은 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.01). 이러한 건물수량 양상은 '청우'가 '태우'에 비해 건물비율(p<0.05)이 높으며, 조숙형 품종으로써 상대적으로 긴 등숙기간으로 인해 적정 이삭 수량을 확보할 수 있었기 때문이라고 판단된다. 식물체 부위별 사료가치 함량 분석 시, 1년차 재배의 줄기 부분을 제외한 나머지 잎, 이삭 및 2년차 재배의 모든 부위에서 가소화양분총량(TDN)과 상대적사료가치(RFV)가 '청우'에서 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 다만, 총체의 사료가치 분석 결과에서 1년차 재배 시 '태우'보다 '청우'에서 높았던(p<0.01) 값이 2년차에는 품종 간 차이를 보이지 않았다. 본 연구의 생육 특성과 수량성 및 사료가치 함량 등 조사를 수행한 대부분의 항목에서 연차 간 성적의 변동성을 보였는데, 이는 사료용 밀의 생육재생기에서 수확기까지의 기간 동안 큰 차이를 보였던 연차 간 환경적 요인 즉, 1년차에 비해 2년차에서 더 높았던 평균기온과 2배 가량 많았던 강우량 등의 영향인 것으로 생각된다. 비록 연차 간 성적이 환경적 영향에 의해 변동성을 보이더라도, 조사료로써 이용하기 위해 중요한 항목인 건물수량이 상대적으로 많으면서 연차 간 수량의 변동성이 적었던 '청우'가 조사료 생산에 더 적합할 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 중부지역의 작부체계를 고려하여 10월 하순 동계 사료용 밀 파종 후 이듬해 5월 하순까지 재배할 시 조숙형 품종을 재배하는 것이 안정적인 건물수량 확보에 유리하며, 이삭으로의 저장 양분의 전류가 많아 사료가치를 높일 수 있는 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 후작으로 사료 벼를 이모작으로 재배 시 조생종인 '청우' 품종이 중부지역에서 사료용 밀-사료용 벼 이모작 재배 시 적합한 품종으로 사료된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 농촌진흥청 작물시험연구사업(사업번호 : PJ01438102)의 지원에 의해 이루어진 결과로 이에 감사드립니다.

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