DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

An updated review on probiotics as an alternative of antibiotics in poultry - A review

  • Yaqoob, Muhammad Umar (College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern China), Ministry of Agriculture) ;
  • Wang, Geng (College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern China), Ministry of Agriculture) ;
  • Wang, Minqi (College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern China), Ministry of Agriculture)
  • 투고 : 2021.10.28
  • 심사 : 2022.01.18
  • 발행 : 2022.08.01

초록

Antibiotics used to be supplemented to animal feeds as growth promoter and as an effective strategy to reduce the burden of pathogenic bacteria present in the gastro-intestinal tract. However, in-feed antibiotics also kill bacteria that may be beneficial to the animal. Secondly, unrestricted use of antibiotics enhanced the antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria. To overcome above problems, scientists are taking a great deal of measures to develop alternatives of antibiotics. There is convincing evidence that probiotics could replace in-feed antibiotics in poultry production. Because they have beneficial effects on growth performance, meat quality, bone health and eggshell quality in poultry. Better immune responses, healthier intestinal microflora and morphology which help the birds to resist against disease attack were also identified with the supplementation of probiotics. Probiotics establish cross-feeding between different bacterial strains of gut ecosystem and reduce the blood cholesterol level via bile salt hydrolase activity. The action mode of probiotics was also updated according to recently published literatures, i.e antimicrobial substances generation or toxin reduction. This comprehensive review of probiotics is aimed to highlight the beneficial effects of probiotics as a potential alternative strategy to replace the antibiotics in poultry.

키워드

과제정보

This work was financially supported by "The National Key Research and Development Program of China" under grant number (2018YFE0112700) and "The Science and Technology Key Projects of Zhejiang Province, China" under grant number (2019C02005).

참고문헌

  1. Boamah VE, Agyare C, Odoi H, Dalsgaard A. Antibiotic practices and factors influencing the use of antibiotics in selected poultry farms in Ghana. J Antimicrob Agents 2016;2:1000120. https://doi.org/10.4172/2472-1212.1000120
  2. Peterson E, Kaur P. Antibiotic resistance mechanisms in bacteria: Relationships between resistance determinants of antibiotic producers, environmental bacteria, and clinical pathogens. Front Microbiol 2018;9:2928. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02928
  3. Marshall BM, Levy SB. Food animals and antimicrobials: Impacts on human health. Clin Microbiol Rev 2011;24:718-33. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00002-11
  4. Grenni P, Ancona V, Caracciolo AB. Ecological effects of antibiotics on natural ecosystems: a review. Microchem J 2018;136:25-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2017.02.006
  5. Davies J. Microbes have the last word. A drastic re-evaluation of antimicrobial treatment is needed to overcome the threat of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. EMBO Rep 2007;8:616-21. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.embor.7401022
  6. Bassetti M, Merelli M, Temperoni C, Astilean A. New antibiotics for bad bugs: where are we? Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2013;28:12:22. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-0711-12-22
  7. Mamza SA, Egwu GO, Mshelia GD. Beta-lactamase Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chickens in Nigeria. Vet Ital 2010;46:155-65.
  8. Boamah VE, Agyare C, Odoi H, Adu F, Gbedema S, Dalsgaard A. Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of coagulase-negative Staphylococci isolated from poultry farms in three regions of Ghana. Infect Drug Resist 2017;10:175-83. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S136349
  9. Suleiman A, Zaria LT, Grema HA, Ahmadu P. Antimicrobial resistant coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus from chickens in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Sokoto J Vet Sci 2013;11: 51-5. https://doi.org/10.4314/sokjvs.v11i1.8
  10. Odoi H. Isolation and characterization of multi-drug resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa from clinical, environmental and poultry litter sources in Ashanti Region of Ghana [Thesis]. Kumasi, Ghana: Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology; 2016.
  11. Sharma S, Galav V, Agrawal M, Faridi F, Kumar B. Multi-drug resistance pattern of bacterial flora obtained from necropsy samples of poultry. J Anim Health Prod 2017;5:165-71. https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.jahp/2017/5.4.165.171
  12. van den Bogaard AE, Stobberingh EE. Epidemiology of resistance to antibiotics: Links between animals and humans. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2000;14:327-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-8579(00)00145-x
  13. Medeiros MAN, de Oliveira DCN, Rodrigues DP, de Freitas DRC. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella in chicken carcasses at retail in 15 Brazilian cities. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2011;30:555-60. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1020-49892011001200010
  14. Wilson IG. Antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter in raw retail chickens and imported chicken portions. Epidemiol Infect 2003;131:1181-6. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268803001298
  15. Castanon JIR. History of the use of antibiotic as growth promoters in European poultry feeds. Poult Sci 2007;86:2466-71. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2007-00249
  16. Arora M, Baldi A. Regulatory categories of probiotics across the globe: A review representing existing and recommended caterorization. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015;33:S2-S10. https://doi.org/10.4130/0255-0857.1508686
  17. Alagawany M, Abd El-Hack ME, Farag MR, Sachan S, Karthik K, Dhama K. The use of probiotics as eco-friendly alternatives for antibiotics in poultry nutrition. Environ Sci Pollut Res 2018;25:10611-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1687-x
  18. Coman MM, Mazzotti L, Silvi S, et al. Antimicrobial activity of SYNBIO® probiotic formulation in pathogens isolated from chronic ulcerative lesions: in vitro studies. J Appl Microbiol 2020;128:584-97. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.14482
  19. Angelakis E. Weight gain by gut microbiota manipulation in productive animals. Microb Pathog 2017;106:162-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2016.11.002
  20. Gadde UD, Kim WH, Oh ST, Lillehoj HS. Alternatives to antibiotics for maximizing growth performance and feed efficiency in poultry: a review. Anim Health Res Rev 2017;18:26-45. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1466252316000207
  21. Ferreira CL, Salminen S, Grzeskowiak L, et al. Terminology concepts of probiotic and prebiotic and their role in human and animal health. Rev Salud Anim 2011;33:137-46.
  22. Klose V, Mohnl M, Plail R, Schatzmayr G, Loibner AP. Development of a competitive exclusion product for poultry meeting the regulatory requirements for registration in the European Union. Mol Nutr Food Res 2006;50:563-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.200500166
  23. Jiang T, Li HS, Han GG, et al. Oral delivery of probiotics in poultry using pH-sensitive tablets. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017;27:739-46. https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1606.06071
  24. Bajagai YS, Klieve AV, Dart PJ, Bryden WL. Animal production and health div probiotics. In: Animal nutrition: production, impact and regulation. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; 2016.
  25. Gao P, Ma C, Sun Z, et al. Feed-additive probiotics accelerate yet antibiotics delay intestinal microbiota maturation in broiler chicken. Microbiome 2017;5:91. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-017-0315-1
  26. Khan M, Raoult D, Richet H, Lepidi H, La Scola B. Growth-promoting effects of single-dose intragastrically administered probiotics in chickens. Br Poult Sci 2007;48:732-5. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660701716222
  27. Lan PT, Binh le T, Benno Y. Impact of two probiotic Lactobacillus strains feeding on fecal lactobacilli and weight gains in chicken. J Gen Appl Microbiol 2003;49:29-36. https://doi.org/10.2323/jgam.49.29
  28. Alkhalf A, Alhaj M, Al-homidan I. Influence of probiotic supplementation on blood parameters and growth performance in broiler chickens. Saudi J Bio Sci 2010;17:219-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2010.04.005
  29. Wang X, Farnell YZ, Peebles ED, Kiess AS, Wamsley KG, Zhai W. Effects of prebiotics, probiotics, and their combination on growth performance, small intestine morphology, and resident Lactobacillus of male broilers. Poult Sci 2016;95:1332-40. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew030
  30. Kabir SML, Rahman MM, Rahman MB, Rahman MM, Ahmed SU. The dynamics of probiotics on growth performance and immune response in broilers. Int J Poult Sci 2004;3:361-4. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2004.361.364
  31. Bai SP, Wu AM, Ding XM, et al. Effects of probiotic-supplemented diets on growth performance and intestinal immune characteristics of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2013;92:663-70. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2012-02813
  32. Capcarova M, Weis J, Hrncar C, Kolesarova A, Pal G. Effect of Lactobacillus fermentum and Enterococcus faecium strains on internal milieu, antioxidant status and body weight of broiler chickens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 2010;94:e215-24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01010.x
  33. Hatab MH, Elsayed MA, Ibrahim NS. Effect of some biological supplementation on productive performance, physiological and immunological response of layer chicks. J Radiat Res Appl Sci 2016;9:185-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrras.2015.12.008
  34. Rajput IR, Li LY, Xin X, et al. Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii and Bacillus subtilis B10 on intestinal ultrastructure modulation and mucosal immunity development mechanism in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2013;92:956-65. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2012-02845
  35. Manafi M, Khalaji S, Hedayati M, Pirany N. Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis and bacitracin methylene disalicylate on growth performance, digestibility, blood metabolites, immunity, and intestinal microbiota after intramuscular inoculation with Escherichia coli in broilers. Poult Sci 2017;96:1174-83. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew347
  36. Jayaraman S, hangavel G, Kurian H, Mani R, Mukkalil R, Chirakkal H. Bacillus subtilis PB6 improves intestinal health of broiler chickens challenged with Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis. Poult Sci 2013;92:370-4. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2012-02528
  37. Olnood CG, Sleman SMB, Choct M, Iji PA. Novel probiotics: Their effects on growth performance, gut development, microbial community and activity of broiler chickens. Anim Nutr 2015;1:184-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2015.07.003
  38. Palamidi I, Fegeros K, Mohnl M, et al. Probiotic form effects on growth performance, digestive function, and immune related biomarkers in broilers. Poult Sci 2016;95:1598-608. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew052
  39. Faria-Filho DE, Torres KAA, Faria DE, Campos DMB, Rosa PS. Probiotics for broiler chickens in Brazil: systematic review and meta-analysis. Braz J Poult Sci 2006;8:89-98. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-635X2006000200004
  40. Blajman JE, Frizzo LS, Zbrun MV, et al. Probiotics and broiler growth performance: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Br Poult Sci 2014;55:483-94. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2014.931930
  41. Jensen JF, Jensen MM. The effect of using growth promoting Bacillus strains in poultry feed. In: Proceedings 19th World's Poultry Congress: 1992 Sept 18; Amsterdam, The Netherlands. WPSA;1992. Vol 3. pp. 398-402.
  42. Loddi MM, Gonzalez E, Takita TS, Mendes AA, Roca RO. Effect of the use of probiotic and antibiotic on the performance, yield and carcass quality of broilers. Rev Bras Zootec 2000;29:1124-31. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982000000400025
  43. Mahajan P, Sahoo J, Panda PC. Effect of probiotic (LactoSacc) feeding, packaging methods and seasons on the microbial and organoleptic qualities of chicken meat balls during refrigerated storage. J Food Sci Technol 2000;37:67-71.
  44. Pelicano ERL, Souza PA, De Souza HBA, et al. Effect of different probiotics on broiler carcass and meat quality. Rev J Port Sci 2003;5:207-14. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-635X2003000300009
  45. Ceslovas J, Junka V, Simkus A. The effect of probiotics and phytobiotics on meat properties and quality in pigs. Vet Zootec 2005;29:80-4.
  46. Sadeghi AA. Bone mineralization of broiler chicks challenged with salmonella enteritidis fed diet containing probiotic (Bacillus subtilis). Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2014;6:136-40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-014-9170-6
  47. Gutierrez-Fuentes CE, Zuniga-Orozco LA, Vicente JL, et al. Effect of a lactic acid bacteria based probiotic, FloraMax-B11®, on performance, bone qualities and morphometric analysis of broiler chickens: an economic analysis. Int J Poult Sci 2013;12:322-7. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2013.322.327
  48. Mutus R, Kocabagli N, Alp M, Acar N, Eren M, Gezen SS. The effect of dietary probiotic supplementation on tibial bone characteristics and strength in broilers. Poult Sci 2006;85:1621-5. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/85.9.1621
  49. Panda AK, Rao SVR, Raju MV, Sharma SR. Dietary supplementation of Lactobacillus sporogenes on performance and serum biochemico-lipid profile of broiler chickens. J Poult Sci 2006;43:235-40. https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.43.235
  50. Houshmand M, Azhar K, Zulkifli I, Bejo MH, Meimandipour A, Kamyab A. Effects of non-antibiotic feed additives on performance, tibial dyschondroplasia incidence and tibia characteristics of broilers fed low-calcium diets. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 2011;95:351-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01061.x
  51. Abdelqader A, Al-Fataftah AR, Das G. Effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis and inulin supplementation on performance, eggshell quality, intestinal morphology and microflora composition of laying hens in the late phase of production. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2013;179:103-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.11.003
  52. Abdelqader A, Irshaid R, Al-Fataftah AR. Effects of dietary probiotic inclusion on performance, eggshell quality, cecal microflora composition, and tibia traits of laying hens in the late phase of production. Trop Anim Health Prod 2013;45:1017-24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-012-0326-7
  53. Zhang JL, Xie QM, Ji J, et al. Different combinations of probiotics improve the production performance, egg quality, and immune response of layer hens. Poult Sci 2012;91:2755-60. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2012-02339
  54. El-Gawad IAA, Mehriz AEM, Saleh FA, Rayan EA. Bioavail-ability of Ca, P and Zn and Bone Mineralization in Rats Fed Yoghurt and Soy-yoghurt Containing Bifidobacteria. Eur J Nutr Food Saf 2014;4:110-26. https://doi.org/10.9734/EJNFS/2014/6856
  55. Ghosh K, Ray M, Adak A, et al. Role of probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum KKL1 in the preparation of a rice based fermented beverage. Bioresour Technol 2015;188:161-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.01.130
  56. Suvarna VC, Boby VU. Probiotics in human health: a current assessment. Curr Sci 2005;88:1744-8. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24110346
  57. Haghighi HR, Abdul-Careem MF, Dara RA, Chambers JR, Sharif S. Cytokine gene expression in chicken cecal tonsils following treatment with probiotics and Salmonella infection. Vet Microbiol 2008;126:225-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.06.026
  58. Waititu SM, Yitbarek A, Matini E, et al. Effect of supplementing direct-fed microbials on broiler performance, nutrient digestibilities, and immune responses. Poult Sci 2014;93:625-35. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2013-03575
  59. Beirao BC, Ingberman M, Favaro Jr, C. et al. Effect of an Enterococcus faecium probiotic on specific IgA following live Salmonella Enteritidis vaccination of layer chickens. Avian Pathol 2018;47:325-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/03079457.2018.1450487
  60. Haghighi HR, Gong J, Gyles CL, et al. probiotics stimulate production of natural antibodies in chickens. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2006;13:975-80. https://doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00161-06
  61. Dalloul RA, Lillehoj HS, Shellem TA, Doerr JA. Enhanced mucosal immunity against Eimeria acervulina in broilers fed a lactobacillus-based probiotic. Poult Sci 2003;82:62-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/82.1.62
  62. Khalique A, Zeng D, Shoaib M, et al. Probiotics mitigating subclinical necrotic enteritis (SNE) as potential alternatives to antibiotics in poultry. AMB Express 2020;10:50. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-00989-6
  63. Shroyer NF, Kocoshis SA. Anatomy and physiology of the small and large intestines. In: Pediatric gastrointestinal and liver disease. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier; 2011. pp. 324-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4377-0774-8.10031-4
  64. Zhen W, Shao Y, Gong X, et al. Effect of dietary Bacillus coagulans supplementation on growth performance and immune responses of broiler chickens challenged by Salmonella enteritidis. Poult Sci 2018;97:2654-2666. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey119
  65. Chichlowski M, Croom WJ, Edens FW, et al. Microarchitecture and spatial relationship between bacteria and ileal, cecal, and colonic epithelium in chicks fed a direct-fed microbial, PrimaLac, and Salinomycin. Poult Sci 2007;86:1121-32. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/86.6.1121
  66. Messaoudi S, Manai M, Kergourlay G, et al. Lactobacillus salivarius: Bacteriocin and probiotic activity. Food Microbiol 2013;36:296-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2013.05.010
  67. Martinez EA, Babot JD, Lorenzo-Pisarello MJ, Apella MC, Chaia AP. Feed supplementation with avian Propionibacterium acidipropionici contributes to mucosa development in early stages of rearing broiler chickens. Benef Microbes 2016;7:687-98. https://doi.org/10.3920/BM2016.0077
  68. He T, Long S, Mahfuz S, et al. Effects of probiotics as antibiotics substitutes on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, intestinal morphology, and barrier function of broilers. Animals 2019;9:985. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9110985
  69. Jazi V, Foroozandeh AD, Toghyani M, Dastar B, Rezaie Koochaksaraie R, Toghyani M. Effects of Pediococcus acidilactici, mannan-oligosaccharide, butyric acid and their combination on growth performance and intestinal health in young broiler chickens challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium. Poult Sci 2018;97:2034-43. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey035
  70. Hayashi RM, Lourenco MC, Kraieski AL, et al. Effect of Feeding Bacillus subtilis Spores to broilers challenged with salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg Brazilian strain UFPR1 on performance, immune response, and gut health. Front Vet Sci 2018;5:13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2018.00013
  71. Chen CY, Tsen HY, Lin CL, Yu B, Chen CS. Oral administration of a combination of select lactic acid bacteria strains to reduce the Salmonella invasion and inflammation of broiler chicks. Poult Sci 2012;91:2139-47. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2012-02237
  72. Higgins SE, Higgins JP, Wolfenden AD, et al. Evaluation of a Lactobacillus-based probiotic culture for the reduction of Salmonella enteritidis in neonatal broiler chicks. Poult Sci 2008;87:27-31. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2007-00210
  73. Khaksefidi A, Rahimi SH. Effect of probiotic inclusion in the diet of broiler chickens on performance, feed efficiency and carcass quality. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2005;18:1153-6. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2005.1153
  74. Kizerwetter-Swida M, Binek M. Protective effect of potentially probiotic Lactobacillus strain on infection with pathogenic bacteria in chickens. Pol J Vet Sci 2009;12:15-20.
  75. Falcao-e-Cunha L, Castro-Solla L, Maertens L, et al. Alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in rabbit feeding: a review. World Rabbit Sci 2007;15:127-40. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2007.597
  76. Nurmi E, Rantala M. New aspects of Salmonella infection in broiler production. Nature 1973;241:210-1. https://doi.org/10.1038/241210a0
  77. Tiwari G, Tiwari R, Pandey S, Pandey P. Promising future of probiotics for human health: Current scenario. Chron Young Sci 2012;3:17-28. https://doi.org/10.4103/2229-5186.94308
  78. Jones ML, Tomaro-Duchesneau C, Martoni CJ, Prakash S. Cholesterol lowering with bile salt hydrolase-active probiotic bacteria, mechanism of action, clinical evidence, and future direction for heart health applications. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2013;13:631-42. https://doi.org/10.1517/14712598.2013.758706
  79. Duncan SH, Louis P, Flint HJ. Lactate-utilizing bacteria, isolated from human feces, that produce butyrate as a major fermentation product. Appl Environ Microbiol 2004;70:5810-5817. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.10.5810-5817.2004