Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure

Korean Society of Ecology and Infrastructure Engineering (응용생태공학회)
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Spatial Point Pattern Analysis of Riparian Tree Distribution After the 2020 Summer Extreme Flood in the Seomjin River

2020년 여름 섬진강 대홍수 이후 하천 수목 분포에 대한 공간 점 패턴 분석

  • Lee, Keonhak (The Institute for Korean Regional Studies, Seoul National University) ;
  • Cho, Eunsuk (Department of Planning and Landscape Architecture, Dong-A University) ;
  • Cho, Jonghun (Department of Planning and Landscape Architecture, Dong-A University) ;
  • Lee, Cheolho (Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University) ;
  • Kim, Hwirae (Department of Environmental Engineering, Soosungengineering) ;
  • Baek, Donghae (Korea Rural Community Corporation, Rural Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Won (Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology) ;
  • Cho, Kang-Hyun (Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University) ;
  • Kim, Daehyun (Department of Geography, Seoul National University)
  • 이건학 (서울대학교 국토문제연구소) ;
  • 조은숙 (동아대학교 도시계획.조경학과) ;
  • 조종훈 (동아대학교 도시계획.조경학과) ;
  • 이철호 (인하대학교 바이오시스템융합학과) ;
  • 김휘래 ((주)수성엔지니어링 환경사업부) ;
  • 백동해 (한국농어촌공사 농어촌연구원) ;
  • 김원 (한국건설기술연구원 수자원하천연구본부) ;
  • 조강현 (인하대학교 생명과학과) ;
  • 김대현 (서울대학교 지리학과)
  • Received : 2022.03.16
  • Accepted : 2022.04.28
  • Published : 2022.06.30
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Abstract

The 2020 summer extreme flood severely disturbed the riparian ecosystem of the Seomjin River. Some trees were killed by the flood impact, whereas others have recovered through epicormic regeneration after the disturbance. At the same time, several tree individuals newly germinated. This research aimed to explain the recovery of the riparian ecosystem by spatial proximity between each tree individual of different characteristics, such as "dead", "recovered", and "newly germinated". A spatial point pattern analysis based on K and g-functions revealed that the newly germinated trees and the existing trees were distributed in the spatially clumping patterns. However, further detailed analysis revealed that the new trees were statistically less attracted to the recovered trees than the dead trees, implying competitive interactions hidden in the facilitative interactions. Habitat amelioration by the existing trees positively affected the growth of the new trees, while "living" existing trees were competing with the new trees for resources. This research is expected to provide new knowledge in this era of rapid climate change, which likely induces stronger and more frequent natural disturbance than before. Environmental factors have been widely used for ecosystem modeling, but species interactions, represented by the relative spatial distribution of plant individuals, are also valuable factors explaining ecosystem dynamics.

2020년 여름, 한반도 남부를 강타한 대홍수는 섬진강 하천 생태계를 크게 교란시켰다. 홍수의 피해를 입은 하천 수목 중 일부는 고사하였고, 또 다른 일부는 시간이 지남에 따라 어느 정도 회복되는 모습을 보였다. 더불어 홍수 후 새로 자라난 수목도 관찰되었다. 본 연구에서는 교란된 하천 생태계가 회복하는 과정을 서로 다른 특성의 수목 간 공간적 인접성을 통해 설명하였다. 공간 점 패턴 분석 (spatial point pattern analysis) 결과, 새로 발생한 수목과 홍수 이전부터 존재하였던 수목은 서로 공간적으로 군집하는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 보다 세밀한 분석을 통해 새로 발생한 수목은 기존 수목 중 회복한 수목보다 회복되지 않은 수목과 더 강하게 군집한다는 사실이 밝혀졌으며, 이를 통해 촉진적 (facilitative) 상호작용 속에 가려진 경쟁적 (competitive) 상호작용을 포착할 수 있었다. 기존 수목에 의한 서식처 개선 효과는 새로 발생한 수목의 생장에 긍정적인 역할을 했을 것이나, "살아 있는" 기존 수목은 새로 발생한 수목과 한정된 자원을 두고 경쟁했을 것으로 예상된다. 이러한 결과는 전지구적인 기후변화의 맥락 속에서 국내 하천 생태계가 마주할 강하고 빈번한 자연적 교란에 대비할 새로운 지식을 제공할 수 있다. 전통적으로 학계에서는 환경 요인을 설명 변수로 하는 생태 모델링이 널리 사용되고 있지만, 수목 개체들 간 상대적 위치 관계로 대표될 수 있는 개체 간 상호작용 역시 생태계 변화를 설명하는 데 있어서 중요한 요인이라고 할 수 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 응용생태공학회 하천생물지형분과위원회 활동의 하나로서 수행되었습니다. 더불어 한국연구재단 (과제번호: 2021R1I1A204766111), 서울대학교 '인문·사회계열 학문전공교원 해외연수 지원 사업', 그리고 서울대학교 '2021 미래기초학문분야 기반조성사업'의 지원을 받았습니다.

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