Korean Journal of Veterinary Service (한국동물위생학회지)

The Korean Society of Veterinary Service (한국동물위생학회)
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Treatment of central diabetes insipidus with anemia in a dog

  • Kim, Sol (Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Han Joon (Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Seo, Kyoung Won (Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Song, Kun-Ho (Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2022.04.23
  • Accepted : 2022.06.10
  • Published : 2022.06.30
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Abstract

A 10-year-old, spayed female miniature schnauzer was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University due to evaluation of sudden polyuria (PU) and, polydipsia (PD) (540 mL/kg/day) with severe anemia and weight loss. Blood examination results were normal except for severe anemia (hematocrit, [HCT]: 11.8%). Urinalysis revealed a urine specific gravity (USG) of 1.003, whereas urine sediment was not specific. Urine osmolality was 90 mOsm (reference range: 800~2500 mOsm), and plasma osmolality was 303 mOsm. No specific lesions were found using diagnostic imaging including radiography, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The serum cortisol level was normal in cosyntropin stimulation test. Plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) concentration was <0.4 pg/mL (reference range: 3.49~5.45 pg/mL). Blood transfusion was initiated in addition to an oral prescription of desmopressin acetate (DDAVP, 0.1 mg/head) thrice a day for one week. The patient was rechecked for clinical signs, urine osmolality, and USG; the clinical signs of PU/PD were resolved, urine osmolality increased to 1106 mOsm, and, USG increased to 1.021. Considering the improved clinical signs, and increased urine osmolality, and USG after DDAVP treatment, the dog was diagnosed with central diabetes insipidus. USG and urine osmolality increased to >1.030 and 2200 mOsm, respectively. Anemia also gradually improved and HCT increased to >37%. DDAVP was tapered to 0.1 mg/head twice a day and all clinical signs in the patient have completely resolved.

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References

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