Korean Journal of Radiology

The Korean Society of Radiology (대한영상의학회)
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Development and Validation of a Model Using Radiomics Features from an Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Map to Diagnose Local Tumor Recurrence in Patients Treated for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

  • Minjae Kim (Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Jeong Hyun Lee (Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Leehi Joo (Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Boryeong Jeong (Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Seonok Kim (Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Sungwon Ham (Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Jihye Yun (Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • NamKug Kim (Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Sae Rom Chung (Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Young Jun Choi (Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Jung Hwan Baek (Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Ji Ye Lee (Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital) ;
  • Ji-hoon Kim (Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital)
  • Received : 2022.05.10
  • Accepted : 2022.08.17
  • Published : 2022.11.01
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Abstract

Objective: To develop and validate a model using radiomics features from apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map to diagnose local tumor recurrence in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 285 patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 62 ± 12 years; 220 male, 77.2%), including 215 for training (n = 161) and internal validation (n = 54) and 70 others for external validation, with newly developed contrast-enhancing lesions at the primary cancer site on the surveillance MRI following definitive treatment of HNSCC between January 2014 and October 2019. Of the 215 and 70 patients, 127 and 34, respectively, had local tumor recurrence. Radiomics models using radiomics scores were created separately for T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (CE-T1WI), and ADC maps using non-zero coefficients from the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator in the training set. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of each radiomics score and known clinical parameter (age, sex, and clinical stage) in the internal and external validation sets. Results: Five radiomics features from T2WI, six from CE-T1WI, and nine from ADC maps were selected and used to develop the respective radiomics models. The area under ROC curve (AUROC) of ADC radiomics score was 0.76 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62-0.89) and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.65-0.88) in the internal and external validation sets, respectively. These were significantly higher than the AUROC values of T2WI (0.53 [95% CI, 0.40-0.67], p = 0.006), CE-T1WI (0.53 [95% CI, 0.40-0.67], p = 0.012), and clinical parameters (0.53 [95% CI, 0.39-0.67], p = 0.021) in the external validation set. Conclusion: The radiomics model using ADC maps exhibited higher diagnostic performance than those of the radiomics models using T2WI or CE-T1WI and clinical parameters in the diagnosis of local tumor recurrence in HNSCC following definitive treatment.

Keywords

References

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