Korean Journal of Radiology

The Korean Society of Radiology (대한영상의학회)
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Comparison of Clinical and Radiologic Findings Between Perforated and Non-Perforated Choledochal Cysts in Children

  • Yu Jin Kim (Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Soo-Hyun Kim (Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • So-Young Yoo (Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Ji Hye Kim (Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Soo-Min Jung (Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Sanghoon Lee (Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Jeong-Meen Seo (Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Sung-Hoon Moon (Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine) ;
  • Tae Yeon Jeon (Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
  • Received : 2021.03.03
  • Accepted : 2021.10.28
  • Published : 2022.02.01
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Abstract

Objective: To compare the clinical and radiologic findings between perforated and non-perforated choledochal cysts in children. Materials and Methods: Fourteen patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 1.7 ± 1.2 years) with perforated choledochal cysts (perforated group) and 204 patients (3.6 ± 3.8 years) with non-perforated choledochal cysts (non-perforated group) were included between 2000 and 2019. All patients underwent choledochal cyst excision after ultrasound, CT, or MR cholangiopancreatography. Relevant data including demographics, clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, imaging findings, and outcomes were analyzed. Statistical differences were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher's exact test. Results: Choledochal cyst perforation occurred only in children under the age of 4 years. Acute symptoms, including fever (p < 0.001), were more common in the perforated group than in the non-perforated group. High levels of white blood cells (p = 0.004), C-reactive protein (p < 0.001), and serum amylase (p = 0.002), and low levels of albumin (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with the perforated group. All 14 patients with perforated choledochal cysts had ascites, whereas only 16% (33/204) of patients in the non-perforated group had ascites (p < 0.001). In the subgroup of patients who had ascites, a large amount of ascites (p = 0.001), increase in the amount of ascites in a short time (p < 0.001), complex ascites (p < 0.001), and perihepatic pseudocysts (p < 0.001) were more common in the perforated group than in the non-perforated group. Conclusion: Children with perforated choledochal cysts have characteristic clinical and radiologic findings compared to those with non-perforated choledochal cysts. In young children with choledochal cysts, perforation should be differentiated in cases with acute symptoms, laboratory abnormalities, and characteristic ascites findings.

Keywords

References

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