DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on Energy Efficiency in Walking and Stair Climbing for Elderly Wearing Complex Muscle Support System

  • Jang-hoon Shin (Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University Seoul) ;
  • Hye-Kang Park (Department of rehabilitation team, Ilsan hospital) ;
  • Joonyoung Jung (Human Enhancement & Assistive Technology Research Section, Artificial Intelligent Research Laboratory, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) ;
  • Dong-Woo Lee (Human Enhancement & Assistive Technology Research Section, Artificial Intelligent Research Laboratory, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) ;
  • Hyung Cheol Shin (Human Enhancement & Assistive Technology Research Section, Artificial Intelligent Research Laboratory, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) ;
  • Hwang-Jae Lee (Robot Business Team, Samsung Electronics) ;
  • Wan-Hee Lee (Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University Seoul)
  • Received : 2022.09.26
  • Accepted : 2022.12.20
  • Published : 2022.12.31

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to analyze the effect of wearable complex muscle support system on energy efficiency during walking in elderly. Design: Cross sectional study Methods: Twenty healthy elderly participated in this study. All subjects performed a 6 minuteswalk test(6MWT) and stair climbing test in dual, slack and no suit conditions. In each condition, oxygen consumption(VO2), metabolic equivalents(METs), energy expenditure measures(EEm), physiological cost index(PCI), walking velocity and heartrate were measured. Through repeated measured ANOVA, it was investigated whether there was a statistically significant difference in the measurement results between the three conditions. Results: In over-ground walking, VO2, METs and EEm showed significant differences between no suit and slack conditions(p<0.05). In stair climbing, VO2 showed significant difference between slack and dual conditions(p<0.05). Also, METs and EEm showed significant differences between no suit and slack, and between slack and dual conditions(p<0.05). Conclusions: Wearing the wearable complex muscle support system for elderly does not have much benefit in energy metabolism efficiency in over-ground, but there is a benefit in stair walking.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by the Institute for Information & communications Technology Promotion (IITP) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (2017-0-00050, Development of Human Enhancement Technology for auditory and muscle support)

References

  1. Sidney S, Go AS, Jaffe MG, Solomon MD, Ambrosy AP, Rana JS. Association Between Aging of the US Population and Heart Disease Mortality From 2011 to 2017. JAMA Cardiol. 2019;4(12): 1280-6. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2019.4187
  2. Cho ST, Kim JS, Noh J, Moon HS, Min SK, Bae S, et al. Characteristics of inappropriate multiple medication use in older urological outpatients. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2019;83:61-5.
  3. Cho ST. Current Challenges of Geriatric Voiding Dysfunction in South Korea. Int Neurourol J. 2016;20(2):87-8. https://doi.org/10.5213/inj.1620edi004
  4. Won CW, Kim S, Swagerty D. Why Geriatric Medicine Is Important for Korea: Lessons Learned in the United States. J Korean Med Sci. 2018;33(26):e175.
  5. Kwon SH, Lee BS, Lee HJ, Kim EJ, Lee JA, Yang SP, et al. Energy efficiency and patient satisfaction of gait with knee-ankle-foot orthosis and robot (ReWalk)-assisted gait in patients with spinal cord injury. Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2020;44(2):131.
  6. Wang DXM, Yao J, Zirek Y, Reijnierse EM, Maier AB. Muscle mass, strength, and physical performance predicting activities of daily living: a meta-analysis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2020;11(1):3-25. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12502
  7. Zampieri S, Mosole S, Lofler S, Fruhmann H, Burggraf S, Cvecka J, et al. Physical Exercise in Aging: Nine Weeks of Leg Press or Electrical Stimulation Training in 70 Years Old Sedentary Elderly People. Eur J Transl Myol. 2015;25(4):237-42. https://doi.org/10.4081/ejtm.2015.5374
  8. Hamed A, Bohm S, Mersmann F, Arampatzis A. Exercises of dynamic stability under unstable conditions increase muscle strength and balance ability in the elderly. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2018;28(3):961-71. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13019
  9. Langeard A, Bigot L, Chastan N, Gauthier A. Does neuromuscular electrical stimulation training of the lower limb have functional effects on the elderly?: A systematic review. Exp Gerontol. 2017;91:88-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2017.02.070
  10. Lexell J. Human aging, muscle mass, and fiber type composition. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1995;50 Spec No:11-6.
  11. Park HK, Jung J, Lee DW, Shin HC, Lee HJ, Lee WH. A wearable electromyography-controlled functional electrical stimulation system improves balance, gait function, and symmetry in older adults. Technol Health Care. 2022;30(2):423-35. https://doi.org/10.3233/THC-212849
  12. Cattaneo D, Regola A, Meotti M. Validity of six balance disorders scales in persons with multiple sclerosis. Disability and rehabilitation. 2006;28(12):789-95. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638280500404289
  13. Bartolomeu RF, Barbosa TM, Morais JE, Lopes VP, Bragada JA, Costa MJ. The aging influence on cardiorespiratory, metabolic, and energy expenditure adaptations in head-out aquatic exercises: Differences between young and elderly women. Women & health. 2017;57(3):377-91. https://doi.org/10.1080/03630242.2016.1164272
  14. Hermann A, Ried-Larsen M, Jensen AK, Holst R, Andersen LB, Overgaard S, et al. Low validity of the Sensewear Pro3 activity monitor compared to indirect calorimetry during simulated free living in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip. BMC musculoskeletal disorders. 2014;15(1):1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-15-1
  15. Lee S-H, Lee H-J, Chang WH, Choi B-O, Lee J, Kim J, et al. Gait performance and foot pressure distribution during wearable robot-assisted gait in elderly adults. Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation. 2017;14(1):1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-016-0214-x
  16. Malatesta D, Simar D, Dauvilliers Y, Candau R, Borrani F, Prefaut C, et al. Energy cost of walking and gait instability in healthy 65-and 80-yr-olds. Journal of applied physiology. 2003;95(6):2248-56. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01106.2002
  17. da Silva WA, Martins VF, Haas AN, Goncalves AK. Online Exercise Training Program for Brazilian Older Adults: Effects on Physical Fitness and Health-Related Variables of a Feasibility Study in Times of COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022;19(21):14042.
  18. Jung J, Lee D-W, Son Y, Kim B, Gu J, Shin HC, editors. Volitional EMG Controlled Wearable FES System for Lower Limb Rehabilitation. 2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC); 2021: IEEE.
  19. Jung J, Lee D-W, Son YK, Kim BS, Shin HC. Volitional EMG Estimation Method during Functional Electrical Stimulation by Dual-Channel Surface EMGs. Sensors. 2021;21(23):8015.
  20. Yeom H, Chang Y-H. Autogenic EMG-controlled functional electrical stimulation for ankle dorsiflexion control. Journal of neuroscience methods. 2010;193(1):118-25.
  21. Lee HJ, Lee S, Chang WH, Seo K, Shim Y, Choi BO, et al. A Wearable Hip Assist Robot Can Improve Gait Function and Cardiopulmonary Metabolic Efficiency in Elderly Adults. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2017;25(9):1549-57.
  22. Rose J, Gamble JG, Burgos A, Medeiros J, Haskell WL. Energy expenditure index of walking for normal children and for children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1990;32(4):333-40.
  23. Kim J, Lee HJ, Lee SH, Lee J, Chang WH, Ryu GH, et al. Correlation between cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost and lower-limb muscle activity during inclined treadmill gait in older adults. BMC Geriatr. 2021;21(1):469.
  24. Xie L, Wang Z, Huang G, Liu B, Zhou Z. Mechanical Efficiency Investigation of an Ankle-Assisted Robot for Human Walking With a Backpack-Load. J Biomech Eng. 2021;143(11).
  25. Jette M, Sidney K, Blumchen G. Metabolic equivalents (METS) in exercise testing, exercise prescription, and evaluation of functional capacity. Clin Cardiol. 1990;13(8):555-65.
  26. Mendes MA, da Silva I, Ramires V, Reichert F, Martins R, Ferreira R, et al. Metabolic equivalent of task (METs) thresholds as an indicator of physical activity intensity. PLoS One. 2018;13(7):e0200701.
  27. Kudo S, Hisada T, Sato T. Determination of the fascicle length of the gastrocnemius muscle during calf raise exercise using ultrasonography. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015;27(12):3763-6.