Animal Bioscience

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
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Effects of maternal undernutrition during late pregnancy on the regulatory factors involved in growth and development in ovine fetal perirenal brown adipose tissue

  • Yang, Huan (College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of animal nutrition and feed, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University) ;
  • Ma, Chi (College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of animal nutrition and feed, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University) ;
  • Zi, Yang (College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of animal nutrition and feed, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University) ;
  • Zhang, Min (College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of animal nutrition and feed, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University) ;
  • Liu, Yingchun (College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Biomanufacturing, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University) ;
  • Wu, Kaifeng (College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Biomanufacturing, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University) ;
  • Gao, Feng (College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of animal nutrition and feed, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University)
  • Received : 2021.04.25
  • Accepted : 2021.08.27
  • Published : 2022.07.01
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Abstract

Objective: The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of maternal undernutrition during late pregnancy on the expressions of genes involved in growth and development in ovine fetal perirenal brown adipose tissue (BAT). Methods: Eighteen ewes with singleton fetuses were allocated to three groups at day 90 of pregnancy: restricted group 1 (RG1, 0.33 MJ metabolisable energy [ME]/kg body weight [BW]0.75/d, n = 6), restricted group 2 (RG2, 0.18 MJ ME/kg BW0.75/d, n = 6), and a control group (CG, ad libitum, 0.67 MJ ME/kg BW0.75/d, n = 6). The fetuses were removed at day 140 of pregnancy. All data were analyzed by using the analysis of variance procedure. Results: The perirenal fat weight (p = 0.0077) and perirenal fat growth rate (p = 0.0074) were reduced in RG2 compared to CG. In fetal perirenal BAT, the protein level of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) (p = 0.0001) was lower in RG1 and RG2 compared with CG and UCP1 mRNA expression (p = 0.0265) was decreased in RG2. The protein level of myogenic factor 5 (Myf5) was also decreased in RG2 (p = 0.0001). In addition, mRNA expressions of CyclinA (p = 0.0109), CyclinB (p = 0.0019), CyclinD (p = 0.0015), cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) (p = 0.0001), E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) (p = 0.0323), E2F4 (p = 0.0101), and E2F5 (p = 0.0018) were lower in RG1 and RG2. There were decreased protein expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) (p = 0.0043) and mRNA expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBPα) (p = 0.0307) in RG2 and decreased PPARγ mRNA expression (p = 0.0008) and C/EBPα protein expression (p = 0.0015) in both RG2 and RG1. Furthermore, mRNA expression of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) (p = 0.0083) and BMP7 (p = 0.0330) decreased in RG2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor co-activator-1α (PGC-1α) reduced in RG2 and RG1. Conclusion: Our observations support that repression of regulatory factors promoting differentiation and development results in the inhibition of BAT maturation in fetal perirenal fat during late pregnancy with maternal undernutrition.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We gratefully acknowledge Dr. Feng-Qi Zhao (Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington) for help with the manuscript.

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