DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

First Report of Leaf Spot in Water Spinach Caused by Ectophoma multirostrata

  • 투고 : 2022.11.21
  • 심사 : 2022.12.27
  • 발행 : 2022.12.31

초록

Leaf spot symptoms were observed in water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) plants growing in fields in Ansan and Hongseong, Korea, during disease surveys in 2019 and 2020. The symptoms appeared as brown to dark brown circular or irregular spots on the leaves of the plants. The disease incidence on the plant leaves in the fields investigated at the two locations ranged from 1% to 20%. Five single-spore isolates of Phoma sp. Were obtained from lesions of the diseased leaves. All the isolates were identified as Ectophoma multirostrata based on their cultural and morphological characteristics, as well as molecular analysis. Two isolates of E. multirostrata were tested for pathogenicity on water spinach leaves using artificial inoculation. The tested isolates caused leaf spot symptoms in the inoculated plants. These symptoms were similar to those observed in plants from the investigated fields. To our knowledge, this is the first report of E. multirostrata causing leaf spot in water spinach.

키워드

과제정보

This study was supported by a research grant (PJ014507012020) from the Rural Development Administration, Korea.

참고문헌

  1. Plants of the World Online. Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. Kew: Royal Botanic Garden; 2022 [cited 2022 November 18]. Available from https://powo.science.kew.org/.
  2. Pandeya EK. Aquatic vegetables. Udaipur: Agrotech Publishing Academy;2011.
  3. Lee GB, Mo YM, Cho WD, Kim WG. Leaf Spot of Rhubarb Caused by Didymella rhei in Korea. Kor J Mycol 2021;49:555-60.
  4. Boerema GH, de Gruyter J, Noordeloos ME, Hamers MEC. Phoma Identification Manual. Differentiation of Specific and Infra-specific Taxa in Culture. Oxfordshire: CABI; 2004.
  5. Chen Q, Jiang JR, Zhang, GZ, Cai L, Crous PW. Resolving the Phoma enigma. Stud Mycol 2015;82:137-217.
  6. Aveskamp MM, Verkley GJ, de Gruyter J, Murace MA, Perello A, Woudenberg JH, Groenewald JZ, Crous PW. DNA phylogeny reveals polyphyly of Phoma section Peyronellaea and multiple taxonomic novelties. Mycologia 2009;101:363-82. https://doi.org/10.3852/08-199
  7. Valenzuela-Lopez N, Cano-Lira JF, Guarro J, Sutton DA, Wiederhold N, Crous PW, Stchigel AM. Coelomycetous Dothideomycetes with emphasis on the families Cucurbitariaceae and Didymellaceae. Stud Mycol 2018;90:1-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2017.11.003
  8. Rehner SA, Samuels GJ. Taxonomy and phylogeny of Gliocladium analysed from nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences. Mycol Res 1994;98:625-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80409-7
  9. Vilgalys R, Hester M. Rapid genetic identification and mapping of enzymatically amplified ribosomal DNA from several Cryptococcus species. J Bacteriol 1990;172:4238-46. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.172.8.4238-4246.1990
  10. De Hoog GS, van den Ende AG. Molecular diagnostics of clinical strains of filamentous Basidiomycetes. Mycoses 1998;41:183-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0507.1998.tb00321.x
  11. White TJ, Bruns T., Lee SJWT, Taylor J. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis, MA, Gelfand, DH, Sninsky, JJ, White, TJ, editors. PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. San Diego: Academic Press; 1990. p. 315-22.
  12. Woudenberg JH, Aveskamp MM, De Gruyter J, Spiers AG, Crous PW. Multiple Didymella teleomorphs are linked to the Phoma clematidina morphotype. Persoonia 2009;22:56-62. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158509X427808
  13. Blount BA, Driessen MRM, Ellis T. GC. Preps: Fast and Easy Extraction of Stable Yeast Genomic DNA. Sci rep 2016;6:26863.
  14. Aveskamp MM, De Gruyter J, Woudenberg JHC, Verkley GJM, Crous PW. Highlights of the Didymellaceae: a polyphasic approach to characterise Phoma and related pleosporalean genera. Stud Mycol 2010;65:1-60. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2010.65.01
  15. Edler D, Klein J, Antonelli A, Silvestro D. raxml GUI 2.0: A graphical interface and toolkit for phylogenetic analyses using RAxML. Methods Ecol Evo 2021;12:373-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13512
  16. Cerkauskas RF, Koike ST, Azad HR, Lowery DT, Stobbs LW. Diseases, pests, and abiotic disorders of greenhouse-grown water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) in Ontario and California. Can J Plant Pathol 2006;28:63-70. https://doi.org/10.1080/07060660609507271