Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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Habitat Characteristics and Spawning Ecology of Hippocampus haema (Pisces: Syngnathidae) Inhabiting the Soando (Island)

소안도에 서식하는 해마(Hippocampus haema) (Pisces: Syngnathidae)의 서식지 특성 및 산란생태

  • Hyun-Geun Cho (Marine Research Center, Korea National Park Research Institute) ;
  • Jung-Kwan Ahn (Marine Research Center, Korea National Park Research Institute) ;
  • Hyeong-Su Kim (Inland aquaculture research, National Institute of Fisheries Science)
  • 조현근 (국립공원연구원 해양연구센터) ;
  • 안중관 (국립공원연구원 해양연구센터) ;
  • 김형수 (국립수산과학원 첨단양식실증센터 )
  • Received : 2022.09.22
  • Accepted : 2022.11.16
  • Published : 2022.12.31
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Abstract

This study investigated the habitat characteristics and spawning ecology of Hippocampus haema (Syngnathidae) in Soando Island, Korea, from May 2015 to December 2016. The survey site where seahorses inhabit was mainly formed by seagrass of Zostera marina populations. Total density and biomass (Mean±SE) of Z. marina were the highest at 136±14.4 shoots/m2 and 489.8g DW/m2, respectively, in spring (May), while the total density was lowest at 93±7.0shoots/m2in autumn (October), and biomass was the lowest and at 122.3g DW/m2 in winter (February). During the study period, 293 individuals were identified through a diving and kick net survey, and the total length of H. haema ranged from 10.1 to 87.0mm. Male individuals nurturing fertilized eggs or larvae appeared beginning in May and were collected until October in both 2015 and 2016. Juvenile individuals were captured beginning in July 2015 and June 2016. As a result of a comprehensive analysis of the spawning season characteristics, it was estimated that the spawning season of H. haema was from April to October. The number of fertilized egg or larvae inside the male brood pouch were 38.3±14.8 (20-76), and the number of fecundity identified from female were 47.2±8.6 (31-59). The male-to-female ratio of H. haema was 1:1.7, indicating the dominance of males.

본 연구는 2015년 5월부터 2016년 12월까지 전라남도 완도군 소안도 일대에서 해마의 서식지 특성 및 산란생태를 밝히기 위해 조사하였다. 해마가 서식하는 조사지점은 주로 거머리말 개체군의 초지가 형성되었다. 거머리말 생육밀도와 생물량(Mean±SE)은 각각 춘계(5월)에 136±14.4shoots/m2, 489.8g DW/m2로 가장 높았고, 생육밀도는 추계(10월)에 93±7.0shoots/m2, 생물량은 동계(2월)에 122.3g DW/m2로 가장 낮았다. 본 연구 기간 동안 다이빙과 족대 조사를 통해 293개체의 해마가 확인되었고 해마의 전장은 10.1~87.0mm의 범위였다. 수정란 또는 자어를 보육중인 수컷 개체는 2015년, 2016년 모두 5월부터 출현하여 10월까지 채집되었고, 미성어의 출현은 2015년에는 7월, 2016년에는 6월부터 확인되었다. 산란기 특성을 종합적으로 분석한 결과, 해마의 산란시기는 4~10월까지로 추정되었다. 수컷의 보육낭에서 확인된 수정난수 또는 자어수는 38.3±14.8(20~76)개였고 암컷에서 확인된 포란수는 47.2±8.6(31~59)개였다. 해마의 암컷과 수컷의 성비는 1:1.7로서 수컷의 출현비율이 우세하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 국립공원 해양생태권역 기본조사의 연구비에 의해 수행되었습니다.

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