The Mathematical Education (한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육)

Korean Society of Mathematical Education (한국수학교육학회)
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Analysis of mathematics test structures and tasks in Abitur

독일 아비투어(Abitur)의 수학시험 체제 및 문항 분석

  • Received : 2022.02.16
  • Accepted : 2022.03.29
  • Published : 2022.05.31
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to draw implications for the improvement in the CSAT by analyzing structures and tasks in the Abitur. To this end, it analyzes the mathematics test system with a focus on the basic and advanced level examination systems, the operator, the using technology, and mathematical formulas. And the characteristics of tasks in the 2021 Abitur were analyzed. As a result of the analysis, first, Germany evaluates whether students have the competency emphasized in the curriculum at Abitur. Second, Germany, which emphasizes the proper use of technology, utilizes both tasks that use technology and those that do not in the Abitur. Third, the Abitur consists of most of the tasks using promised operators and uses various types of operators to present various types of questions to evaluate competence. Fourth, the Abitur includes not only simple structured items consisting of 2-3 subtasks but also tasks dealing in depth with a single situation centered on a big idea. Finally, mathematical justification and proof play an important role in the Abitur. Based on this, some specific measures for improving the CSAT were suggested.

본 연구의 목적은 독일의 아비투어 수학시험의 체제와 문항을 분석함으로써 수능 체제 개선을 위한 시사점을 도출하는 것이다. 이를 위해 아비투어의 체제를 개관하고 수학과 표준 교육과정과 아비투어의 관계를 고찰하였다. 또한 기본수준과 심화수준 시험의 체제, 수행지시동사, 공학적 도구 및 공식집의 사용을 중심으로 수학시험 체제를 분석하고, 2021년 수학시험 문항의 특징을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 첫째, 역량 교육을 표방한 독일은 교육과정에서 강조한 역량을 학생들이 갖추었는지를 아비투어에서 평가하고 있다. 둘째, 공학적 도구의 적절한 사용을 강조하는 독일은 아비투어 수학시험에서 공학적 도구를 사용하는 문항과 그렇지 않은 문항을 모두 활용한다. 셋째, 아비투어 수학시험은 정해진 수행지시동사를 이용하여 대부분의 문항을 구성하고, 여러 종류의 지시어를 활용하여 역량을 평가하는 다양한 유형의 문항을 출제하고 있다. 넷째, 아비투어 수학시험은 2~3개의 하위문항으로 이루어진 간단한 구조의 문항뿐만 아니라 빅아이디어를 중심으로 하나의 상황을 심도 있게 다루는 문항을 포함한다. 마지막으로, 수학적 정당화와 증명이 아비투어에서 중요한 비중을 차지하고 있다. 이를 토대로 수능 체제 개선을 위한 구체적인 방안을 몇 가지 제시하였다.

Keywords

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