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As a Modulator, Multitasking Roles of SIRT1 in Respiratory Diseases

  • Yunxin Zhou (Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University) ;
  • Fan Zhang (Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University) ;
  • Junying Ding (Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University)
  • Received : 2022.03.25
  • Accepted : 2022.05.08
  • Published : 2022.06.30
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Abstract

As far the current severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), respiratory disease is still the biggest threat to human health. In addition, infectious respiratory diseases are particularly prominent. In addition to killing and clearing the infection pathogen directly, regulating the immune responses against the pathogens is also an important therapeutic modality. Sirtuins belong to NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylases. Among 7 types of sirtuins, silent information regulator type-1 (SIRT1) played a multitasking role in modulating a wide range of physiological processes, including oxidative stress, inflammation, cell apoptosis, autophagy, antibacterial and antiviral functions. It showed a critical effect in regulating immune responses by deacetylation modification, especially through high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a core molecule regulating the immune system. SIRT1 was associated with many respiratory diseases, including COVID-19 infection, bacterial pneumonia, tuberculosis, and so on. Here, we reviewed the latest research progress regarding the effects of SIRT1 on immune system in respiratory diseases. First, the structure and catalytic characteristics of SIRT1 were introduced. Next, the roles of SIRT1, and the mechanisms underlying the immune regulatory effect through HMGB1, as well as the specific activators/inhibitors of SIRT1, were elaborated. Finally, the multitasking roles of SIRT1 in several respiratory diseases were discussed separately. Taken together, this review implied that SIRT1 could serve as a promising specific therapeutic target for the treatment of respiratory diseases.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers 81503399), Beijing Natural Science Foundation (grant numbers 7182071) and Beijing Construction Program for High-level Public Health of Technical Talents (grant numbers 2022-3-009). This work would not have been possible without the enormous efforts of our collaborators and scientific friends from over the years. We thank Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine for support in the process.

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