The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology (문화기술의 융합)

The International Promotion Agency of Culture Technology (국제문화기술진흥원)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effect of Telephone Intervention on Depression of the Elderly Living Alone during the COVID-19

코로나 19시기 독거노인의 우울에 대한 전화중재의 효과

  • Park, Sunah (Dept. of nursing, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
  • Received : 2022.04.01
  • Accepted : 2022.04.25
  • Published : 2022.05.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of telephone intervention on the reduction of depression after the intervention for the elderly living alone during the COVID-19 pandemic. A one-group pretest and posttest design was used to examine changes in depression level following telephone intervention a once a week for 10 weeks. The subjects of this study were older adults aged 65 registered with 3 social welfare institutions in Wonju, and a total of 114 elderly completed a questionnaire before and after the intervention. Telephone intervention was provided by 56 nursing student volunteers, and each student was in charge of 2-3 elderly people. The depression score decreased from 6.59±3.74 before the intervention to 5.01±3.34 after the intervention (t=4.959, p<.001). Study findings suggest that telephone intervention is effective as an emotional support for the elderly living alone during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further research is needed to expand the scope of various subjects and regions, including the elderly not living alone.

본 연구는 코로나19 팬데믹 시기에 독거노인을 대상으로 한 전화중재가 우울 감소에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 시도되었다. 전화중재는 10주간 주 1회 실시하였으며, 전화중재 후 우울 수준의 변화를 조사하기 위해 단일 집단 사전-사후 설계를 사용하였다. 연구대상은 원주시 소재 3개 사회복지기관에 등록된 65세 이상 노인 총 114명이며, 전화중재 전후 설문지를 작성하였다. 전화 중재는 간호대학생 자원봉사자 56명에 의해 이루어졌으며, 학생 1인당 2~3명의 노인을 담당하였다. 연구결과 우울 점수는 중재 전 6.59±3.74에서 중재 후 5.01±3.34로 감소하였다(t=4.959, p<.001). 본 연구 결과, 전화중재는 코로나19 대유행 기간 동안 독거노인을 위한 정서적 지원으로 효과적인 것으로 나타났으며, 비독거노인을 포함한 다양한 대상자와 지역으로 확대하기 위해 추후 연구가 필요하다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구를 위해 자료수집부터 연구진행 및 논문작성에 도움을 주신 강릉원주대학교 소애영 교수님께 감사드린다.

References

  1. J.A. Oh, "Activation plan of Korean traditional medicine health promotion program for elderly living alone." Weekly Issue. Vol. 9, pp, 1-8, 2017.
  2. Statistics Korea, Publication of 「National Quality of Life 2020」 report. http://kostat.go.kr/portal/korea/kor_nw/1/1/index.board?bmode=read&aSeq=388561
  3. S.A. Kim, M.J. Kwon, and K.W. Seo, "Factors influencing depression: comparison between elders living alone and elders not living alone," Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 51-60, 2019. https://doi.org/10.17079/jkgn.2019.21.2.51
  4. S.I. Nam, J.J. See, E. Ye and J. Chae, "Meaning in life, depression, and suicidal ideation in old age: A comparative study of living alone and not living alone older adults," Korean Journal of Gerontological Social Welfare, Vol. 74, No. 2, pp. 163-192, 2019. https://doi.org/10.21194/kjgsw.74.2.201906.163
  5. Ministry of Health & Welfare Korea Suicide Prevention Center, 2020 Suicide Prevention whitebook. file:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/2020_%EC%9E%90%EC%82%B4%EC%98%88%EB%B0%A9%EB%B0%B1%EC%84%9C_%EC%A4%91%EC%95%99%EC%9E%90%EC%82%B4%EC%98%88%EB%B0%A9%EC%84%BC%ED%84%B0.pdf
  6. Ministry of Health and Welfare, The emergence of a new elderly population, the changing elderly generation: Announcement of the results of 2020 living profiles of older people survey.
  7. B.D. Suh, and K.H. Kwon, "Impacts of the depression among the elderly in the South Korea community in COVID-19 pandemic," Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 54-63, 2021. https://doi.org/10.21032/jhis.2021.46.1.54
  8. D. Kim, Y. Choi, E.S. Nam, S. Bae, and D. Shin, "Effects of peer support home visiting for older adults living alone in a rural area," Mental Health & Social Work, Vol. 44, No. 4, pp. 35-63, 2016
  9. E. Do, S. Cho, and S.K. Kim, "Convergence study of laughter therapy's effects on depression among older adults in Korea: A meta-analysis," Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, Vol. 9, No. 6, pp. 347-355, Jun. 2018. https://doi.org/10.15207/JKCS.2018.9.6.347
  10. M. Kim, G. Jeon, M. Gang, and E. Oh, "Effects of a Senior center Convergence Program on Depression, Quality of Sleep, and Quality of Life among Rural Elderly," Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, Vol. 11, No. 10, pp. 115-123, Oct. 2020. https://doi.org/10.15207/JKCS.2020.11.10.115
  11. J.Y. Bae, S.M, Kang, E.H, Kim, M.Y, Kwak, and S.S, Jung, "Development and Effects of a Depression Management Program Based on Reminiscence Therapy for the Elderly Living Alone-Individual Home Visit Programs," Crisisonomy, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 37-50, 2020. https://doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2020.16.1.37
  12. E. Kyaw Tha Tun, J. Nagel, A. Bosbach, S. Bock, B. Kielblock, E. Siegmund-Schultze, and C. Herrmann-Lingen, "Telephone-based peer support intervention to reduce depressive symptoms in women with coronary heart disease, a randomized controlled trial in Germany," Women & health, Vol. 61, No. 7, pp. 619-632, Aug. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1080/03630242.2021.1953208
  13. H. Park and I. Jang, "The effect of telephone counseling hypertension self-management program for hypertensive patients with disabilities using the welfare center for the disabled," Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology, Vol. 37, No. 4, pp. 659-673, Aug. 2020. https://doi.org/10.12925/jkocs.2020.37.4.659
  14. Korean Society of Traumatic Stress Studies, Covid-19 2020 National Mental Health Survey. http://kstss.kr/?p=2301
  15. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Guidance on integrated community health promotion projects 2020. http://www.mohw.go.kr/react/gm/sgm0701vw.jsp?PAR_MENU_ID=13&MENU_ID=1304080703&CONT_SEQ=357599
  16. H.S. Nam, G.Y. Kim, S.S. Kweon, G.W. Ko, K. Paul, H.K. Yang et al. "EQ-5D Korean valuation study using time trade off method," 2006 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report. 2007.
  17. J.I. Sheikh, and J.A. Yesavage, "Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS): Recent evidence and development of a shorter version," Clinical Gerontologist, Vol. 5, pp. 165-173. 1996https://doi.org/10.1300/J018v05n01_09
  18. B.S. Kee, "A preliminary study for the standardization of geriatric depression scale short form-Korea version," Journal of the Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 298-306, 1996.
  19. Y.J. Lee, "Influence of Self-Rated Health Status, Self-Efficacy and Social Support on Health Behavior in Urban Elderly People Living Alone," The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 81-87. 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17703/JCCT.2018.4.2.81
  20. J.H. Moon, and D. Kim, "Factors influencing life satisfaction in elderly living alone," The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 44-54, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2018.18.01.044
  21. Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Community Health Statistics. https://chs.kdca.go.kr/chs/recsRoom/healthStatsMain.do
  22. Y. Yi, "Structural Equation Model of Quality of Life of Older People living alone," Doctoral dissertation, Seoul National University, Seoul, 2019.
  23. Ministry of Health and Welfare, 2020 Senior Citizen Survey Results Report. http://www.mohw.go.kr/react/jb/sjb030301vw.jsp?PAR_MENU_ID=03&MENU_ID=032901&CONT_SEQ=366496&page=1
  24. S. Chung, S. Chung, S. Kim, S. Kim, and K. H. Ju, "A study on the depression of seniors living alone: An analysis of different stages of living alone," Korean Journal of Family Welfare, Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 315-336, 2018. https://doi.org/10.13049/kfwa.2018.23.2.8
  25. E.E. Office, M.S. Rodenstein, T.S. Merchant, T. R. Pendergrast, and L. A. Lindquist, "Reducing social isolation of seniors during COVID-19 through medical student telephone contact," Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, Vol. 21, No. 7, pp. 948-950, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2020.06.003
  26. J.E. Seok, E.J. Jang. "The effect of social relationship resource by gender on the life satisfaction of elderly living alone," Korean Journal of Gerontological Social Welfare, Vol. 71, No. 2, pp. 321-349, 2016. https://doi.org/10.21194/kjgsw.71.2.201606.321
  27. S.Y. Park, "The effects of health-related factors and social networks on depressive symptoms in elderly men and women: focusing on the moderating effects of gender," Health and Social welfare review, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 154-190, Mar. 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15709/hswr.2018.38.1.154
  28. E.K. Kim, "Gender difference in factors related to depression in vulnerable elderly," The Korean Journal of Health Service Management, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 169-179, 2014. https://doi.org/10.12811/kshsm.2014.8.3.169