DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Causal Relationships among Covid-19 Stress, Leisure Constraints, and Happiness

코로나 스트레스와 여가제약 그리고 행복감의 구조적관계

  • Lee, Yun-Jung (Department of Sport Science, Seoul National Univ. of Science and Technology Seoul) ;
  • Han, Areum (Department of Sport Science, Seoul National Univ. of Science and Technology Seoul) ;
  • Park, Se-Hyuk (Department of Sport Science, Seoul National Univ. of Science and Technology Seoul) ;
  • Seo, Hee-Jung (Department of Sport Science, Seoul National Univ. of Science and Technology Seoul)
  • 이윤정 (서울과학기술대학교 스포츠과학과) ;
  • 한아름 (서울과학기술대학교 스포츠과학과) ;
  • 박세혁 (서울과학기술대학교 스포츠과학과) ;
  • 서희정 (서울과학기술대학교 스포츠과학과)
  • Received : 2022.04.22
  • Accepted : 2022.05.20
  • Published : 2022.05.28

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the causal relationships among Covid-19 stress, leisure constraints, and happiness for Korean adults. This study attempted to identify the important aspects of constraints and negotiation in gaining happiness during Covid-19 crisis. Respondents were recruited through SNS(n=314) between April 6th and 25th in 2021. The data were analyzed by using AMOS 27.0 and SPSS WIN 27.0. Findings of the current study are as follows: First, the social system anxiety in Covid-19 stress construct was found to have statistically significant impacts upon intrapersonal and structural constraints. Especially, Covid-19 phobia showed a significant effect upon all of the subdimensions of leisure constraints. Second, all of the subdimensions of leisure constraints showed a significant impact on perceived happiness. This study may contribute to a better understanding of leisure constraints, leisure constraints negotiation, and Covid-19 stress.

이 연구의 목적은 코로나 스트레스에 대한 인지와 여가제약 그리고 행복감의 인과관계를 분석하는 것이다. 조사도구는 설문지를 활용하였고, 연구대상은 국내 성인으로 2021년 4월 6일~25일(20일간)에 SNS를 활용하여 총 314개의 표본을 이용하였다. 자료처리는 SPSS WIN 27.0과 AMOS 27.0을 활용하여 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다: 첫째, 코로나19 스트레스중 사회시스템에 대한 불안은 여가제약 중 내제적제약과 주조적제약에 유의한 영향을 미쳤고, 코로나 감염 포비아는 여가제약의 모든 하위변수에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 그리고 비정상적인 진실은 여가제약의 모든 하위변수에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 둘째, 여가제약의 모든 하위변수는 행복감에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 이 연구 결과는 여가제약 협상과 여가제약에 대한 이해를 높이는 데 기여하리라 본다.

Keywords

References

  1. H. Y. Lee, T. H. Kim & J. H. Lee. (2021). A study on university student leisure culture in the era of with corona: Focusing on the effect of the leisure restrictions of COVID-19 on leisure attitudes and leisure consumption propensity. Korean Journal of Physical Education, 30(5), 153-167. DOI : 10.35159/kjss.2021.10.30.5.153
  2. H. G. Park. (2022). Corona divide report 3: The widening leisure gap. International newspaper, 20220116. [on-line] http://www.kookje.co.kr/news2011/asp/newsbody.asp?code=0300&key=20220117.22008003583
  3. M. N. Kim. (2022). After corona 19, attendance at cheongju citizens' cultural events has plummeted. DongyangIlbo, 20220301. [on-line] http://www.dynews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=651724
  4. S. S. Kim. (2022). Comparison of 2019 and 2021 surveys: The aftermath of the corona virus... Residents 'staying at home' increased. Gyeonggi Daily, 20220116. [on-line] http://www.kyeonggi.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=2396866
  5. E. L. Jackson. (1988). Leisure constraints: A survey of past research. Leisure Sciences, 10(3), 203-215.46. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490408809512190
  6. D. W. Crawford, E. L. Jackson & G. Godbey. (1991). A hierarchical model of leisure constraints. Leisure Sciences, 13(4), 309-320. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490409109513147
  7. E. H. Lee. (2020). Corona 19 generation: How is mental health? Issues & Diagnosis, 414, 1-25.
  8. H. Park & S. S. Sim. (2011). Analysis of causal model on the leisure experience, leisure function, flow experience and sport continuance intention of leisure sports participants'. Korean Journal of Physical Education, 50(6), 337-352.
  9. Y. M. Kim, I. K. Kim, S. S. Park, J. K. Lee & J. S. Yang. (2015). A study on the leisure activation policy plan for social integration on married immigrant women. Korean Journal of Physical Education, 54(5), 77- 87.
  10. J. H. Jang. (2021). Corona 2 years, 9 out of 10 people 'stress' ... "I feel tired and powerless". Joongangilbo, 20211210. [on-line] https://www.joongang.co.kr/article/25031126#home
  11. K. T. Kim. (2022). 7 out of 10 Gyeonggi-do residents, stress intensified due to prolonged COVID-19. Yunhap News, 20220221. [on-line] https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20220221026200061?input=1195m
  12. J. H. Kim. (2022). Interview: Professor kwak yun-jeong, We must stop corona black from causing extreme choices. Newsis, 20220301. [on-line] https://newsis.com/view/?id=NISX20220227_0001774590&cID=10201&pID=10200
  13. S. G. Baeg & J. Y. Park. (2011). A study on the effect of undergraduates' leisure sport participation and leisure satisfaction on exercise continuity. Tourism and Leisure Research, 23(7), 531-545.
  14. J. H. Han & H. J. Sa. (2021). COVID-19 and the tasks of leisure. Journal of Leisure and Recreation Studies, 45(3), 141-152.
  15. O. K. Kwon. (2021). Who will be number 1 next year? Maeil Economic Daily, 20211219. [on-line] https://m.mk.co.kr/news/culture/view/2021/12/1144802/
  16. Y. J. Park, J. D. Yun & B. K. Lee. (2021). The relationship between the restrictions on leisure of college students due to the COVID-19 Incident and the participation in sports activities and subjective happiness. The Korean Journal of Sport, 19(4), 71-80. https://doi.org/10.46669/kss.2021.19.4.007
  17. S. R. Parker. (1976). Leisure: The basis of culture. NY: Pantheon Books, Incs
  18. H. J. Sa & J. H. Han. (2021). COVID-19 and leisure constraints: Testing hierarchical leisure constraints model. Korean Journal of Physical Education, 60(1), 387-400. https://doi.org/10.23949/kjpe.2021.1.60.1.28
  19. M. S. Lee. (2022). The relationship among dancesports participants' restriction on exercise, depression and ego integrity of the elderly in COVID-19. Official Journal of Korean Society of Dance Science, 39(1), 29-41. https://doi.org/10.18284/jss.2022.04.41.1.29
  20. B. H. Kim. (2021). Leisure ractors affecting individual's happiness level: Focusing on recognition of leisure constraints and participation in leisure activities. Proceedings of the academic presentation of the Society of Family Medicine and Human Quality, 236.
  21. K. S. Kim, K. S. Jeon & J. W. Kim. (2010). SEM Analysis on the leisure constraints and life satisfaction among koreans. Journal of Leisure and Recreation Studies, 34(2), 205-215.
  22. M. K. Kim & J. E. Kim. (2017). An influence of leisure constraints on leisure satisfaction and happiness of life for the elderly. Korean Tourism Management Association. 32(8) 91-109. https://doi.org/10.36700/KRUMA.2017.09.30.3.91
  23. S. Taylor, C. A. Landry, M. M. Paluszek, T. A. Fergus, D. Mckay & G. J. G. Asmundson. (2020). Development and initial validation of the COVID Stress Scales, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 72, 102232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102232
  24. K. E. Kim & M. J. Choi. (2019). Characteristics of solitary leisure in korean society: Focusing on teenage male and elderly male group. Land Planning, 54(1), 18-29.
  25. H. J. Lee & H. Y. Lee. (2020). COVID-19 stress: Is the level of COVID-19 stress same for everybody? Segmentation approach based on COVID-19 Stress level. Korea Logistics Review, 30(4), 75-87. [on-line] DOI : 10.17825/klr.2020.30.4.75
  26. J. Hubbard & R. C. Mannell. (2001). Testing competing models of the leisure constraint negotiation process in a corporate employee recreation setting. Leisure Sciences, 23(3), 145-163. https://doi.org/10.1080/014904001316896846
  27. L. Raymore, G. Godbey, D. Crawford & A. von Eye. (1993). Nature and process of leisure constraints: An empirical test. Leisure Sciences, 15(2), 99-113. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490409309513191
  28. E. L. Jackson. (1997). A Critique of leisure con-straints: comparative analysis and understanding. Journal of Leisure Research, 29(4), 458-468. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.1997.11949809
  29. R. P. Bagozzi & U. M. Dholakia. (2002). Intentional socal action in virtual communities. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 16(2), 2-21. https://doi.org/10.1002/dir.10006
  30. Y. M. Son & G. R. Sin. (2021). A phenomenological analysis on the working mom's leisure experience in the era of COVID-19. Journal of Leisure and Recreation Studies, 45(3), 259-273
  31. Korean Cultural Information Service (2021.11.29). In the era of with Corona, what is the popular cultural life that the people want?. Korean Cultural Information Service Press Release.
  32. J. H. Cha. (2021). Mental health in the age of Corona. Symbol Daily. 20211014.
  33. T. H. Lee. (2021). Home ware, home cook, and home cafe are trending as the number of 'stay at home' increases due to corona. Herald Economy, 20211123.
  34. E. W. Nam. (2020). A social prescription system for overcoming social isolation and loneliness related to COVID-19. Journal of Health Education and Health Promotion, 37(1), 113-116.
  35. J. S. Kim. (2020). 'Travel desire' just before the post-corona era explodes... : A new travel style is needed. Pressian. 2020119.
  36. W. Zhu, G. Timm & B. Ainsworth. (2001). Rasch calibration and optimal categorization of an instrument measuring women's exercise perseverance and barriers. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 72(2), 104-116. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2001.10608940
  37. S. Gammon & G. Ramshaw. (2020). Distancing from the present: Nostalgia and leisure in lockdown. Leisure Sciences, 1-7.
  38. J. Puhak. (2020). The gyms and fitness chains closed during the coronavirus pandemic-And what some are offering instead. Fox News. https://www.foxnews.com/lifestyle/coronavirus-gym-fitness-chains-closed-pandemic
  39. F. B. Schuch, R. A. Bulzing, J. Meyer, D. Vancampfort, J. Firth, B. Stubbs, I. Grabovac, P. Willeit, V. D. O. Tavares, V. C. Calegaro, J. Deenik, G. F. Lopez-Sanchez, N. Veronese, C. M. Caperchione, K. P. Sadarangani, M. Abufaraj, M. A. Tully & L. Smith. (2020). Associations of moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary behavior with depressive and anxiety symptoms in self-isolating people during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey in Brazil. Psychiatry Research, 292, 113339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113339
  40. Kakao Mobility (2020). 2020 Kakao Mobility Report.
  41. D. W. Go. (2020). What Makes People Overcome COVID-19 Pandemic?: Vulnerable or tolerable characteristics. Journal of the Korean Psychological Association, 21(3), 399-424.