Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

The Korean Pediatric Society (대한소아청소년과학회)
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Retinopathy of prematurity: a review of epidemiology and current treatment strategies

  • Hong, Eun Hee (Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Shin, Yong Un (Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Cho, Heeyoon (Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2021.06.02
  • Accepted : 2021.09.15
  • Published : 2022.03.15
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Abstract

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is among the most common causes of childhood blindness. Three phases of ROP epidemics have been observed worldwide since ROP was first described in the 1940s. Despite advances in neonatal care, the occurrence of ROP and associated visual impairment has been increasing somewhere on Earth and remains difficult to control. Conventional treatment options for preventing ROP progression include retinal ablation using cryotherapy or laser therapy. With the emergence of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment for ocular diseases, the efficacy and safety of anti-VEGF therapy for ROP have recently been actively discussed. In the advanced stage of ROP with retinal detachment, surgical treatment including scleral buckling or vitrectomy is needed to maintain or induce retinal attachment. At this stage, the visual outcome is usually poor despite successful anatomical retinal attachment. Therefore, preventing ROP progression by timely screening examinations and treatment remains the most important part of ROP management.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We are thankful to Dr. Sang Jin Kim (Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea) for allowing us to use the fundus photographs.

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