Geomechanics and Engineering

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Combined bi-borehole technology for grouting and blocking of flowing water in karst conduits: Numerical investigation and engineering application

  • Pan, Dongdong (Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center, Shandong University) ;
  • Zhang, Yichi (Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center, Shandong University) ;
  • Xu, Zhenhao (Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center, Shandong University) ;
  • Li, Haiyan (Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center, Shandong University) ;
  • Li, Zhaofeng (Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center, Shandong University)
  • Received : 2021.02.03
  • Accepted : 2022.03.04
  • Published : 2022.05.25
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Abstract

A newly proposed grouting simulation method, the sequential diffusion solidification method was introduced into the numerical simulation of combined bi-borehole grouting. The traditional, critical and difficult numerical problem for the temporal and spatial variation simulation of the slurry is solved. Thus, numerical simulation of grouting and blocking of flowing water in karst conduits is realized and the mechanism understanding of the combined bi-borehole technology is promoted. The sensitivity analysis of the influence factors of combined bi-borehole grouting was investigated. Through orthogonal experiment, the influences of proximal and distal slurry properties, the initial flow velocity of the conduit and the proximal and distal slurry injection rate on the blocking efficiency are compared. The velocity variation, pressure variation and slurry deposition phenomenon were monitored, and the flow field characteristics and slurry outflow behavior were analyzed. The interaction mechanism between the proximal and distal slurries in the combined bi-borehole grouting is revealed. The results show that, under the orthogonal experiment conditions, the slurry injection rate has the greatest impact on blocking. With a constant slurry injection rate, the blocking efficiency can be increased by more than 30% when using slurry with weak time-dependent viscosity behavior in the distal borehole and slurry with strong time-dependent viscosity behavior in the proximal borehole respectively. According to the results of numerical simulation, the grouting scheme of "intercept the flow from the proximal borehole by quick-setting slurry, and grout cement slurry from the distal borehole" is put forward and successfully applied to the water inflow treatment project of China Resources Cement (Pingnan) Limestone Mine.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We would like to acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.: 52022053; 52109129), and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grand No. s: BX2021172; 2021M691953).

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