생태와환경 (Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment)

  • 제55권2호
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  • Pages.132-144
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  • 2022
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  • 2288-1115(pISSN)
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  • 2288-1123(eISSN)
한국수생태학회 (The Korean Society of Limnology)
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열린 하구인 섬진강 하구 및 광양만 연안 어류 군집의 시공간적 변화

Spatio-temporal Variation of Fish Communities in Open Estuary, Seomjin River Estuary and Gwangyang Bay Coast

  • 이선호 (전남대학교 해양융합과학과) ;
  • 김원석 (전남대학교 해양융합과학과) ;
  • 박재원 (전남대학교 해양융합과학과) ;
  • 조현빈 (전남대학교 수산과학연구소) ;
  • 이완옥 (전남대학교 수산과학연구소) ;
  • 유태식 (전남대학교 수산과학연구소) ;
  • 김효겸 (전남대학교 수산과학연구소) ;
  • 지창우 (전남대학교 수산과학연구소) ;
  • 곽인실 (전남대학교 해양융합과학과)
  • Sun Ho Lee (Department of Ocean Integrated Science, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Won-Seok Kim (Department of Ocean Integrated Science, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Jae-Won Park (Department of Ocean Integrated Science, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Hyunbin Jo (Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Wan-Ok Lee (Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Tae Sik Yu (Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Hyo Gyeom Kim (Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Chang Woo Ji (Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Ihn-Sil Kwak (Department of Ocean Integrated Science, Chonnam National University)
  • 투고 : 2022.02.08
  • 심사 : 2022.06.09
  • 발행 : 2022.06.30
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초록

강-하구-해양 연속체는 지구상에서 가장 생산적이고 역동적인 수중 생태계 중 하나이다. 어류는 생활사, 섭식 습관, 생태적 지위가 서로 다르고, 광범위하기 때문에 이를 통해 다양한 시공간적 규모에서 환경 상태를 평가할 수 있는 적합한 지표 생물이다. 2019년 3월부터 10월까지 3회에 걸쳐 섬진강-섬진강 하구-광양만 연안 연속체 내에서 조사된 어류는 멸종위기종 2종을 포함하여 31과 49종으로 나타났다. Bray-Curtis 유사도에 따라 2개의 그룹(1, 2그룹)과 두 그룹 내 속하지 않는 2개의 지점(3, 4그룹)으로 구분되었는데, 1그룹은 담수역 지점과 기수역 지점들이 주로 구성되었으며, 2그룹은 광양만 연안역 지점들인 ES4~8로만 구성되었다. 공간적인 변수와 시간적인 변수를 이용하여 ANOSIM 분석을 진행한 결과, 섬진강-광양만 연속체의 어류 군집은 계절적인 요인(ANOSIM R=0.273, P=0.002)의 차이보다 공간적인 요인(ANOSIM R=0.398, P=0.001)의 차이가 상대적으로 더 중요하였다. 구분된 그룹들 중에서도 특히 1그룹과 2그룹 간에 유의한 차이가 존재하였으며(ANOSIM R=0.556, P=0.001), 보구치(9.4%), 날개망둑(6.9%), 전어(5.9%)가 이 두 그룹의 차이에 크게 기여하는 분류군으로 나타났다. 섬진강-광양만 생태계 내 분포하는 어류상은 공간적으로 크게 구분되었으며, 종수와 개체수는 계절적인 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 강-하구-해양 연속체의 연속적인 환경 내에서 분포하는 어류 군집의 변화, 주요어종의 보호 및 관리를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

The fish community in the Seomjin River-Seomjin River Estuary-Gwangyang Bay coast continuum was investigated three times from March 2019 to October 2019. The collected species at the eight sites during the survey period were 49 species belonging to 31 families, including two endangered species. According to Bray-Curtis similarities, observations were divided into four groups based on the fish community composition; two groups (group 1, 2) and two uncategorized groups (group 3, 4). ANOSIM based on spatial and temporal groupings indicated that the spatial differences in fish communities (R=0.398, P=0.001) were relatively more important than the temporal differences (analysis of similarities, R=0.273, P=0.002). In particular, there were significant differences between groups 1 and 2 (analysis of similarities, R=0.556, P=0.001), and similarity percentage analysis revealed that Argyrosomus argentatus (9.4%), Favonigobius gymnauchen (6.9%) and Konosirus punctatus (5.9%) contributed to these differences of fish assemblages for each group. The fish fauna distributed in the Seomjin River-Gwangyang Bay ecosystem were spatially divided and the number of species and number of individuals showed seasonal differences. This study could be a basis for understanding changes in the fish community and implementing conservation and management strategies on major species within a continuous environment of the river-estuary-ocean continuum.

키워드

과제정보

본 연구는 한국연구재단 대학중점연구사업 [NRF-2018R1A6A1A03024314]과 [NRF-2020R1A2C1013936]의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구입니다.

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