The korean journal of orthodontics (대한치과교정학회지)

The Korean Association Of Orthodontists (대한치과교정학회)
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Occlusal deviations in adolescents with idiopathic and congenital scoliosis

  • Zhang, Hao (State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University) ;
  • Ma, Jingbo (Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital) ;
  • Zhang, Zhicheng (Department of Orthopedics, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital) ;
  • Feng, Yafei (Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University) ;
  • Cai, Chuan (Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital) ;
  • Wang, Chao (Department of Stomatology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital)
  • Received : 2021.10.14
  • Accepted : 2022.01.05
  • Published : 2022.05.25
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Abstract

Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the characteristics of malocclusions in scoliotic patients through clinical examinations. Methods: Fifty-eight patients with idiopathic scoliosis (IS) and 48 patients with congenital scoliosis (CS) participated in the study. A randomly selected group of 152 orthopedically healthy children served as the control group. Standardized orthodontic and orthopedic examination protocols were used to record the occlusal patterns and type of scoliosis. Assessments were made by three experienced orthodontists and a spinal surgery team. The differences in the frequency distribution of occlusal patterns were evaluated by the chi-squared test. Results: In comparison with patients showing IS, patients with CS showed a higher incidence of Cobb angle ≥ 45° (p = 0.020) and included a higher proportion of patients receiving surgical treatments (p < 0.001). The distribution of the Angle Class II subgroup was significantly higher in the IS (p < 0.001) and CS (p = 0.031) groups than in the control group. In comparison with the healthy controls, the CS and IS groups showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) frequencies of asymmetric molar and asymmetric canine relationships, upper and lower middle line deviations, anterior deep overbite, unilateral posterior crossbite, and canted occlusal plane, with the frequencies being especially higher in CS patients and to a lesser extent in IS patients. Conclusions: Patients with scoliosis showed a high frequency of malocclusions, which were most obvious in patients with CS.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was financially supported by grants from the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology (grant no. 2020KB04) and the Clinical Technology Project of AFMU (grant no. LX2021-312). We appreciate the assistance provided by the staff in the Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital for collection and diagnosis of scoliosis cases. We would also like to thank Dr. Liang Fei for assisting with the statistical analyses.

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