Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Comparative Analysis of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Thompson Isolates associated with Outbreaks Using PFGE and wgMLST

  • Youngho Koh (Food Microbiology Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Yunyoung Bae (Food Microbiology Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Min-Jung Lee (Food Microbiology Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Yu-Si Lee (Food Microbiology Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Dong-Hyun Kang (Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Science, Seoul National University) ;
  • Soon Han Kim (Food Microbiology Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety)
  • Received : 2022.10.10
  • Accepted : 2022.11.03
  • Published : 2022.12.28
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Abstract

The strains associated with foodborne Salmonella enterica Thompson outbreaks in Korea have not been identified. Therefore, we characterized S. Thompson strains isolated from chocolate cakes linked to foodborne outbreaks in Korea. A total of 56 strains were isolated from preserved cake products, products in the supply chain distribution, the manufacturer's apparatus, and egg white liquid products used for cream preparation. Subsequently, serological typing, pathogenic gene-targeted polymerase chain reaction (PCR), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and whole-genome multi-locus sequence typing (wgMLST) were performed to characterize these isolates. The antigen formula of all isolates was 7:k:1,5, namely Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Thompson. All 56 isolates harbored invA, his, hin, and stn, and were negative for sefA and spvC based on gene-targeted PCR analyses. Based on PFGE results, these isolates were classified into one group based on the same SP6X01.011 pattern with 100% similarity. We selected 19 strains based on the region and sample type, which were subjected to wgMLST. Although the examined strains showed 100% similarity, they were classified into seven clusters based on allelic differences. According to our findings, the cause of these outbreaks was chocolate cake manufactured with egg white liquid contaminated with the same Salmonella Thompson. Additionally, comparative analysis of wgMLST on domestic isolates of S. Thompson from the three outbreaks showed genetic similarities of over 99.6%. Based on the results, the PFGE and wgMLST combination can provide highly resolved phylogeny and reliable evidence during Salmonella outbreak investigations.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We are thankful to the Public Health Centers in Seoul, Busan, Gwangju, Daegu, Ulsan, Jeju, Chungbuk-Do, Gyeongbuk-Do, Gyeongnam-Do, and Jeonbuk-Do for their efforts in isolating the S. Thompson strains from preserved products during this food poisoning investigation.

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