Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
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Recent progress (2015-2020) in the investigation of the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of ginsenoside Rb1, a main active ingredient in Panax ginseng Meyer

  • Lin, Zuan (Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University) ;
  • Xie, Rongfang (Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University) ;
  • Zhong, Chenhui (Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University) ;
  • Huang, Jianyong (Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital) ;
  • Shi, Peiying (Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Bee Products, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University) ;
  • Yao Hong (Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University)
  • Received : 2020.11.29
  • Accepted : 2021.07.27
  • Published : 2022.01.01
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Abstract

Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1), one of the most important ingredients in Panax ginseng Meyer, has been confirmed to have favorable activities, including reducing antioxidative stress, inhibiting inflammation, regulating cell autophagy and apoptosis, affecting sugar and lipid metabolism, and regulating various cytokines. This study reviewed the recent progress on the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of Rb1 against cardiovascular and nervous system diseases, diabetes, and their complications, especially those related to neurodegenerative diseases, myocardial ischemia, hypoxia injury, and traumatic brain injury. This review retrieved articles from PubMed and Web of Science that were published from 2015 to 2020. The molecular targets or pathways of the effects of Rb1 on these diseases are referring to HMGB1, GLUT4, 11β-HSD1, ERK, Akt, Notch, NF-κB, MAPK, PPAR-γ, TGF-β1/Smad pathway, PI3K/mTOR pathway, Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, Nrf2/ARE pathway, and MAPK/NF-κB pathway. The potential effects of Rb1 and its possible mechanisms against diseases were further predicted via Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and disease ontology semantic and enrichment (DOSE) analyses with the reported targets. This study provides insights into the therapeutic effects of Rb1 and its mechanisms against diseases, which is expected to help in promoting the drug development of Rb1 and its clinical applications.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial supports of the National Natural Science Foundation of China of China (81973558), and the Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian province (2017Y9123 and 2019Y9068).

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