Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Acid treatment effects on the contents of quercetin glycosides and aglycone in red onion powder

산처리에 의한 적양파 분말의 quercetin 배당체와 aglycone의 농도변화

  • Kim, Mi-Ryung (Department of Food Biotechnology, Silla University) ;
  • Lim, Jun-Hyung (Department of Food Biotechnology, Silla University) ;
  • Song, Ji-Su (Department of Food Biotechnology, Silla University)
  • 김미령 (신라대학교 바이오식품공학과) ;
  • 임준형 (신라대학교 바이오식품공학과) ;
  • 송지수 (신라대학교 바이오식품공학과)
  • Received : 2021.08.27
  • Accepted : 2022.03.06
  • Published : 2022.04.30
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Abstract

Flavonoids are bioactive plant metabolites that have a range of beneficial effects on human health. Quercetin 4'-glycoside (Q4'G), quercetin 3,4'-diglycoside (Q3,4'G), and quercetin aglycone (QA) are the main flavonoids found in onions. QA, in particular, is likely to have a greater biological effect than glycosides. To develop an onion extract with high quercetin content, the optimal extraction conditions for red onion powder containing the outer layer of the onion were determined. The effects of acid treatment on the concentration of quercetin glycosides and QA were evaluated. The flavonoids of red onion powder were optimally extracted under 60-70% ethanol at 70℃ for 2 h. The deglycosylation of Q3,4'G and an increase in Q4'G content occurred within 6 h of 0.2% acetic acid treatment. The QA content and deglycosylation of Q4'G eventually peaked at 24 h. In addition, QA content and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity were highly correlated, with a correlation coefficient of 0.90.

열풍건조로 제조된 껍질을 포함한 적양파 분말은 강력한 항산화제인 플라보노이드 함량이 생양파즙에 비해 약 22배로 고농도로 농축되어 있으며, 60-70% ethanol 농도에서 70℃, 2시간 추출시 가장 높은 수율을 나타내었다. 이때 추출된 플라보노이드의 함량은 DPPH radical 소거능과 상관계수 0.877의 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다. 적양파 분말의 플라보이드는 주로 quercetin 배당체인 Q3,4'G, Q4'G와 QA로 이루어져 있으며, 15:39:47의 비율로 구성되어 있었다. 염산, 젖산, 초산 등 다양한 종류의 산처리에 의해 적양파 분말 속 quercetin 배당체는 QA로 전환될 수 있었으며 저농도 초산용액에서 QA로 전환되는 비율이 높았다. 이는 적양파 분말에 포함된 glucosidase가 저농도 산용액에서 활성화되면서 일어나는 반응으로 사료되었다. 초산 처리초기에는 diglycoside인 Q3,4'G의 de-glycosylation이 급격히 일어났으며, 초산처리 6시간 이후에는 Q4'G의 분해와 함께 QA가 증가하여 24시간 경과 후에 최대 QA의 함량에 도달하였으며, QA의 증가는 DPPH radical 소거능과 유의적인 상관성(r=0.90)을 나타내어 생리활성의 증가를 나타내었다. 본 연구결과, 양파의 주요 플라보노이드인 quercetin 배당체는 저농도 초산 처리로 빠르고 간편하게 QA로 전환이 가능하였으며, 이와 더불어 생리활성의 증가도 도모할 수 있었다. 적양파 분말을 이용하여 저농도 산처리를 통하여 QA로의 전환률을 높이면, 고농도의 quercetin을 함유한 양파 소재의 개발이 가능할 것이며, 이를 통해 기능성 양파 가공품의 개발로 이어질 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 2019년 농촌진흥청에서 시행한 농업과학기반기술개발사업(과제번호 PJ014139)의 지원에 의해 수행되었으며, 이에 감사드립니다.

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