Animal Bioscience

  • 제35권5호
  • /
  • Pages.730-739
  • /
  • 2022
  • /
  • 2765-0189(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2765-0235(eISSN)
아세아태평양축산학회 (Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of dietary n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio on growth performance, blood indexes, tissue fatty acid composition and the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma signaling related genes in finishing pigs

  • Chen, Jing (College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University) ;
  • Cui, Hongze (College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University) ;
  • Liu, Xianjun (College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University) ;
  • Li, Jiantao (College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University) ;
  • Zheng, Jiaxing (College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University) ;
  • Li, Xin (College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University) ;
  • Wang, Liyan (College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University)
  • 투고 : 2021.06.18
  • 심사 : 2021.09.28
  • 발행 : 2022.05.01
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Objective: This study investigated the effects of dietary n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio on growth performance, blood indexes, tissue fatty acid composition and the gene expression in finishing pigs. Methods: Seventy-two crossbred ([Duroc×Landrace]×Yorkshire) barrows (68.5±1.8 kg) were fed one of four isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 2:1, 3:1, 5:1, and 8:1. Results: Average daily gain, average daily feed intake and gain-to-feed ratio had quadratic responses but the measurements were increased and then decreased (quadratic, p<0.05). The concentrations of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol and interleukin 6 were linearly increased (p<0.05) with increasing of dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio, while that of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol tended to decrease (p = 0.062), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol:low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and leptin concentration were linearly decreased (p<0.05). The concentration of serum adiponectin had a quadratic response but the measurement was decreased and then increased (quadratic, p<0.05). The proportion of C18:3n-3 was linearly decreased (p<0.05) in the longissimus thoracis (LT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) as dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio increasing, while the proportion of C18:2n-6 and n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio were linearly increased (p<0.05). In addition, the expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and lipoprotein lipase in the LT and SCAT, and adipocyte fatty acid binding protein and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) in the SCAT had quadratic responses but the measurements were increased and then decreased (quadratic, p<0.05). The expression of HSL in the LT was linearly decreased (p<0.05) with increasing of dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio. Conclusion: Dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio could regulate lipid and fatty acid metabolism in blood and tissue. Reducing dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio (3:1) could appropriately suppress expression of related genes in PPARγ signaling, and result in improved growth performance and n-3 PUFA deposition in muscle and adipose tissue in finishing pigs.

키워드

과제정보

This work was supported by the Key Research Program of Liaoning Province of China (2019JH1/10200002, 2020JH1/10200003), and the Mission Program of Liaoning Province of China (2020JH5/10400125), and Shenyang Science and Technology Project of China (21-110-3-07).

참고문헌

  1. Albert BB, Derraik JG, Brennan CM, et al. Supplementation with a blend of krill and salmon oil is associated with increased metabolic risk in overweight men. Am J Clin Nutr 2015;102:49-57. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.103028
  2. Liu WC, Kim IH. Effects of different dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios on growth performance, blood lipid profiles, fatty acid composition of pork, carcass traits and meat quality in finishing pigs. Ann Anim Sci 2018;18:143-54. https://doi.org/10.1515/aoas-2017-0026
  3. Siriwardhana N, Kalupahana NS, Moustaid-Moussa N. Health benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. Adv Food Nutr Res 2012;65:211-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-416003-3.00013-5
  4. Bazinet RP, Douglas H, Cunnane SC. Whole-body utilization of n-3 PUFA in n-6 PUFA-deficient rats. Lipids 2003;38:187-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-003-1050-8
  5. Yang LG, Song ZX, Yin H, et al. Low n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio improves lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial function in rats using plant oils as n-3 fatty acid source. Lipids 2016;51:49-59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-015-4091-z
  6. Benitez R, Nunez Y, Fernandez A, et al. Effects of dietary fat saturation on fatty acid composition and gene transcription in different tissues of Iberian pigs. Meat Sci 2015;102:59-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.12.005
  7. Li FN, Duan YH, Li YH, et al. Effects of dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio on fatty acid composition, free amino acid profile and gene expression of transporters in finishing pigs. Br J Nutr 2015;113:739-48. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114514004346
  8. Duan YH, Li FN, Li LL, Fan JX, Sun XM, Yin YL. n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio is involved in regulating lipid metabolism and inflammation in pigs. Br J Nutr 2014;111:445-51. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114513002584
  9. Oster RT, Tishinsky JM, Yuan ZF, Robinson LE. Docosahexaenoic acid increases cellular adiponectin mRNA and secreted adiponectin protein, as well as PPARγ mRNA, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2010;35:783-9. https://doi.org/10.1139/H10-076
  10. Peng M, Xu W, Tan P, et al. Effect of dietary fatty acid composition on growth, fatty acids composition and hepatic lipid metabolism in juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) fed diets with required n3 LC-PUFAs. Aquaculture 2017;479:591-600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2017.06.032
  11. Jin SC, Kim MH, Choi LY, Nam YK, Yang WM. Fat regulatory mechanisms of pine nut oil based on protein interaction network analysis. Phytomedicine 2021;86:153557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153557
  12. Assumpcao RP, Muccia DB, Fonsecaa FCP, et al. Fatty acid profile of maternal and fetal erythrocytes and placental expression of fatty acid transport proteins in normal and intrauterine growth restriction pregnancies. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2017;125:24-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plefa.2017.08.011
  13. Hu CJ, Jiang QY, Zhang T, et al. Dietary supplementation with arginine and glutamic acid enhances key lipogenic gene expression in growing pigs. J Anim Sci 2017;95:5507-15. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas2017.1703
  14. Committee on Nutrient Requirements of Swine, National Research Council. Nutrient requirements of swine. 11th ed. Washington, DC, USA: National Academy Press; 2012.
  15. ISO 5509. 2000. Animals and vegetal fats and oils. Preparation of methyl esters of fatty acids. Geneva, Switzerland: International Organization for Standardization; 2000.
  16. Kim JS, Ingale SL, Lee SH, et al. Impact of dietary fat sources and feeding level on adipose tissue fatty acids composition and lipid metabolism related gene expression in finisher pigs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2014;196:60-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.06.007
  17. Teixeira PJ, Sardinha LB, Going SB, Lohman DTG. Total and regional fat and serum cardiovascular disease risk factors in lean and obese children and adolescents. Obes Res 2001;9:432-42. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2001.57
  18. Perez-Matute P, Perez-Echarri N, Martinez JA, Marti A, Moreno-Aliaga MJ. Eicosapentaenoic acid actions on adiposity and insulin resistance in control and high-fat-fed rats: role of apoptosis, adiponectin and tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Br J Nutr 2007;97:389-98. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114507207627
  19. Drevon CA. Fatty acids and expression of adipokines. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2005;1740:287-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2004.11.019
  20. Hun CS, Hasegawa K, Kawabata T, Kato M, Shimokawa T, Kagawa Y. Increased uncoupling protein2 mRNA in white adipose tissue, and decrease in leptin, visceral fat, blood glucose, and cholesterol in KK-Ay mice fed with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in addition to linolenic acid. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999;259:85-90. https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1999.0733
  21. Gammelmark A, Madsen T, Varming K, Lundbye-Christensen S, Schmidt EB. Low-dose fish oil supplementation increases serum adiponectin without affecting inflammatory markers in overweight subjects. Nutr Res 2012;32:15-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2011.12.007
  22. Han SJ, Boyko EJ, Fujimoto WY, Kahn SE, Leonetti DL. Low plasma adiponectin concentrations predict increases in visceral adiposity and insulin resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017;102:4626-33. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2017-01703
  23. Lin S, Hou J, Xiang F, et al. Mammary inflammation around parturition appeared to be attenuated by consumption of fish oil rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Lipids Health Dis 2013;12:190. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-12-190
  24. Tai CC, Ding ST. N-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids regulate lipid metabolism through several inflammation mediators: mechanisms and implications for obesity prevention. J Nutr Biochem 2010;21:357-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2009.09.010
  25. Montano A, Hernandez M, Garrido I, Llerena JL, Espinosa F. Fatty acid and phenolic compound concentrations in eight different monovarietal virgin olive oils from extremadura and the relationship with oxidative stability. Int J Mol Sci 2016;17:1960. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17111960
  26. Farmer SR. Regulation of PPARgamma activity during adipogenesis. Int J Obes 2005;29:S13-6. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0802907
  27. Escobar ELO, Gomes-Marcondes MCC, Carvalho HF. Dietary fatty acid quality affects AR and PPARγ levels and prostate growth. Prostate 2009;69:548-58. https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.20905
  28. Wang W, Xue WD, Jin BQ, Zhang XX, Ma F, Xu XF. Candidate gene expression affects intramuscular fat content and fatty acid composition in pigs. J Appl Genet 2013;54:113-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13353-012-0131-z
  29. Cao HM, Sekiya M, Ertunc ME, et al. Adipocyte lipid chaperone aP2 is a secreted adipokine regulating hepatic glucose production. Cell Metab 2013;17:768-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2013.04.012
  30. Furuhashi M, Hiramitsu S, Mita T, et al. Reduction of circulating FABP4 level by treatment with omega-3 fatty acid ethyl esters. Lipids Health Dis 2016;15:5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-016-0177-8