Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the "Green Innovative Company Growth Support Program" of the Korean Ministry of Environment.
References
- H. Demey, T. Vincent, and E. Guibal, A novel algal-based sorbent for heavy metal removal, Chem. Eng. J., 332, 582-595 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.09.083
- V. Kumar, R. D. Parihar, A. Sharma, P. Bakshi, G. P. S. Sidhu, A. S. Bali, I. Karaouzas, R. Bhardwaj, A. K. Thukral, Y. Gyasi-Agyei, and J. Rodrigo-Comino, Global evaluation of heavy metal content in surface water bodies: a meta-analysis using heavy metal pollution indices and multivariate statistical analyses, Chemosphere, 236, 124364 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124364
- S. Ozdemir, M. S. Yalcin, and E. Kilinc, Preconcentrations of Ni (II) and Pb (II) from water and food samples by solid-phase extraction using Pleurotus ostreatus immobilized iron oxide nanoparticles, Food Chem., 336, 127675 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127675
- S. Ali, S. Hussain, R. Khan, S. Mumtaz, N. Ashraf, S. Andleeb, H. A. Shakir, H. M. Tahir, M. K. A. Khan, and M. Ulhaq, Renal toxicity of heavy metals (cadmium and mercury) and their amelioration with ascorbic acid in rabbits, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 26, 3909-3920 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3819-8
- K. Byber, D. Lison, V. Verougstraete, H. Dressel, and P. Hotz, Cadmium or cadmium compounds and chronic kidney disease in workers and the general population: a systematic review, Crit. Rev. Toxicol., 46, 191-240 (2016). https://doi.org/10.3109/10408444.2015.1076375
- S. Morais, F. G. Costa, and M. D. L. Pereira, Heavy Metals and Human Health, In: J. Oosthuizen (ed.), Environmental Health - Emerging Issues and Practice, 227-245, IntechOpen (2012).
- M. A. D. Toral, A. Porter and M. R. Schock, Detection and evaluation of elevated lead release from service lines: A field study, Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 9300-9307(2013). https://doi.org/10.1021/es4003636
- B. Liu, A. Khan, K-H. Kim, D. Kukkar, and M. Zhang, The adsorptive removal of lead ions in aquatic media: Performance comparison between advanced functional materials and conventional materials, Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 2441-2483 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2019.1694820
- G. Genchi, M. S. Sinicropi, G. Lauria, A. Carocci, and A. Catalano, The effects of cadmium toxicity, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17, 3782 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113782
- R. A. Bernhoft, Mercury toxicity and treatment: a review of the literature, J. Environ. Public Health, 2012, 460508 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/460508
- M. Mariana, A. Khalil, E. M. Mistar, E. B. Yahya, T. Alfatah, M. Danish, and M. Amayreh, Recent advances in activated carbon modification techniques for enhanced heavy metal adsorption, J. Water Process Eng., 43, 102221 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102221
- F. Fu and Q. Wang, Removal of heavy metal ions from waste-waters: A review, J. Environ. Manage., 92, 407-418 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.11.011
- D. Norton-Brandao, S. M. Scherrenberg, and J. B. V. Lier, Reclamation of used urban waters for irrigation purposes-A review of treatment technologies, J. Environ. Manage., 122, 85-98 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.03.012
- Y. Huang, X. Zeng, L. Guo, J. Lan, L. Zhang, and D. Cao, Heavy metal ion removal of wastewater by zeolite-imidazolate frameworks, Sep. Purif. Technol., 194, 462-469 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2017.11.068
- S. M. Abegunde, K. S. Idowu, O. M. Adejuwon, and T. Adeyemi-Adejolu, A review on the influence of chemical modification on the performance of Adsorbents, Resour. Environ. Sustain., 1, 100001 (2020).
- M. K. Jha, S. Joshi, R. K. Sharma, A. A. Kim, B. Pant, M. Park, and H. R. Pant, Surface Modified Activated Carbons: Sustainable bio-based materials for environmental remediation, Nanomaterials, 11, 3140 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11113140
- Y. Chen, X. Bai, and Z. Ye, Recent progress in heavy metal ion decontamination based on metal-organic frameworks, Nanomaterials, 11, 1481 (2020).
- Z. Yuna, Review of the Natural, modified, and synthetic zeolites for heavy metals removal from wastewater, Environ. Eng. Sci., 33, 443-454 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1089/ees.2015.0166
- S. Mao and M. Gao, Functional organoclays for removal of heavy metal ions from water: A review, J. Mol. Liq., 334, 116143 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116143
- G-R. Xu, Z-H. An, K. Xu, Q. Liu, R. Das, and He-Li Zhao, Metal organic framework (MOF)-based micro/nanoscaled materials for heavy metal ions removal: The cutting-edge study on designs, synthesis, and applications, Coord. Chem. Rev., 427, 213554 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213554
- X. Yang and Q. Xu, Bimetallic metal-organic frameworks for gas storage and separation, Cryst. Growth Des., 17, 1450-1455 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.7b00166
- H. Li, L. B. Li, R. B. Lin, W. Zhou, Z. J. Zhang, S. C. Xiang and B. L. Chen, Porous metal-organic frameworks for gas storage and separation: Status and challenges, EnergyChem, 1, 100006 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enchem.2019.100006
- X. R. Li, X. C. Yang, H. G. Xue, H. Pang, and Q. Xu, Metal-organic frameworks as a platform for clean energy applications, EnergyChem, 2, 100027 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enchem.2020.100027
- P. Samanta, A. V. Desai, S. Sharma, P. Chandra, and S. K. Ghosh, Selective recognition of Hg2+ ion in water by a functionalized metal-organic framework (MOF) based chemodosimeter, Inorg. Chem., 57, 2360-2364 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02426
- M. X. Wu and Y. W. Yang, Metal-organic framework (MOF)-based drug/cargo delivery and cancer therapy, Adv. Mater., 29, 1606134 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201606134
- F. Y. Yi, D. Chen, M. K. Wu, L. Han, and H. L. Jiang, Chemical sensors based on metal-organic frameworks, ChemPlusChem, 81, 675-690 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.201600137
- B. L. Zhang, W. Qiu, P. P. Wang, Y. L. Liu, J. Zou, L. Wang, and J. Ma, Mechanism study about the adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) with iron-trimesic metal-organic frameworks, Chem. Eng. J., 385, 123507 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.123507
- Z. S. Hasankola, R. Rahimi, H. Shayegan, E. Moradi, and V. Safarifard, Removal of Hg2+ heavy metal ion using a highly stable mesoporous porphyrinic zirconium metal-organic framework, Inorganica Chim. Acta, 501, 119264 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ica.2019.119264
- M. Eddaoudi, J. Kim, N. Rosi, D. Vodak, J. Wachter, M. O'Keeffe, and O. M. Yaghi, Systematic design of pore size and functionality in isoreticular MOFs and their application in methane storage, Science, 295, 469-472 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1067208
- R. Banerjee, H. Furukawa, D. Britt, C. Knobler, M. O'Keeffe, and O. M. Yaghi, Control of pore size and functionality in isoreticular zeolitic imidazolate frameworks and their carbon dioxide selective capture properties, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131, 3875-3877 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1021/ja809459e
- T. Devic, P. Horcajada, C. Serre, F. Salles, G. Maurin, B. Moulin, D. Heurtaux, G. Clet, A. Vimont, J.-M. Greneche, B. L. Ouay, F. Moreau, E. Magnier, Y. Filinchuk, J. Marrot, J.-C. Lavalley, M. Daturi, and G. Ferey, Functionalization in flexible porous solids: Effects on the pore opening and the host-guest interactions, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 132, 1127-1136 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9092715
- K. Wang, J. Gu, and N. Yin, Efficient removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) using NH2-functionalized Zr-MOFs via rapid microwave-promoted synthesis, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 56, 1880-1887 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.6b04997
- L. Zhang, J. Wang, T. Du, W. Zhang, W. Zhu, C. Yang, T. Yue, J. Sun, T. Li, and J. Wang, NH2-MIL-53(Al) metal-organic framework as the smart platform for simultaneous high-performance detection and removal of Hg2+, Inorg. Chem., 58, 12573-12581 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01242
- K. K. Tanabea and S. M. Cohen, Postsynthetic modification of metal-organic frameworks-a progress report, Chem. Soc. Rev., 40, 498-519 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1039/c0cs00031k
- Z. Wang and S. M. Cohen, Postsynthetic modification of metal-organic frameworks, Chem. Soc. Rev., 38, 1315-1329 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1039/b802258p
- S. J. Garibay, Z. Wang, K. K. Tanabe, and S. M. Cohen, Postsynthetic modification: A versatile approach toward multifunctional metal-organic frameworks, Inorg. Chem., 48, 7341-7349 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1021/ic900796n
- Z. Wang, K. K. Tanabe, and S. M. Cohen, Accessing postsynthetic modification in a series of metal-organic frameworks and the influence of framework topology on reactivity, Inorg. Chem., 48, 296-306 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1021/ic801837t
- Z. Wang and S. M. Cohen, Postsynthetic covalent modification of a neutral metal-organic framework, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 129, 12368-12369 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1021/ja074366o
- L. Fu, S. Wang, G. Lin, L. Zhang, Q. Liu, H. Zhou, C. Kang, S. Wan, H. Li, and Sheng Wen, Post-modification of UiO-66-NH2 by resorcyl aldehyde for selective removal of Pb(II) in aqueous media, J. Clean. Prod., 229, 470-479 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.043
- S. S. Y. Chui, S. I. M. -F. Lo, J. P. H. Charmant, A. G. Orpen, and I. D. Williams, A chemically functionalizable nanoporous material [Cu3(TMA)2(H2O)3]n, Science, 283, 1148 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.283.5405.1148
- Y. K. Hwang, D. -Y. Hong, J. -S. Chang, S. H. Jhung, Y. -K. Seo, J. Kim, A. Vimont, M. Daturi, C. Serre, and G. Ferey, Amine grafting on coordinatively unsaturated metal centers of MOFs: Consequences for catalysis and metal encapsulation, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 47, 4144-4148 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200705998
- M. Kalaj and S. M. Cohen, Postsynthetic modification: An enabling technology for the advancement of metal-organic frameworks, ACS Cent. Sci., 6, 1046-1057 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.0c00690
- F. Ke, L.-G. Qiu, Y.-P. Yuan, F.-M. Peng, X. Jiang, A.-J. Xie, Y.-H. Shen, and J.-F. Zhu, Thiol-functionalization of metal-organic framework by a facile coordination-based postsynthetic strategy and enhanced removal of Hg2+ from water, J. Hazard. Mater., 196, 36-43 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.08.069
- Y. Zhou, W. Li, W. Qi, S. Chen, Q. Tan, Z. Wei, L. Gong, J. Chen, and W. Zhou, The comprehensive evaluation model and optimization selection of activated carbon in the O3-BAC treatment process, J. Water Process Eng., 40, 101931 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.101931
- I. Ali, M. Asim, and T. A. Khan, Low cost adsorbents for the removal of organic pollutants from wastewater, J. Environ. Manage., 113, 170-183 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.08.028
- S. Hadi and K. Tahereh, Investigation of nitric acid treatment of activated carbon for enhanced aqueous mercury removal, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 16, 852-858 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2010.03.012
- L. Mouni, L. Belkhiri, M. Tafer, F. Zouggaghe, and Y. Kadmi, Studies on the removal of Pb(II) from wastewater by activated carbon developed from apricot stone activated with sulphuric acid, Moroc. J. Chem., 2, 452-456 (2014).
- Md. M. Rahman, S. H. Samsuddin, M. F. Miskon, K. Yunus, and A. M. Yusof, Phosphoric acid activated carbon as borderline and soft metal ions scavenger, Green Chem. Lett. Rev., 8, 9-20 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1080/17518253.2015.1058974
- H. Farida, B. Okta, and L. Wirani, Characterization of activated carbon from rice husk by HCl activation and its application for lead (Pb) removal in car battery wastewater, IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng., 180, 012151 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/180/1/012151
- J. P. Chen, S. Wu, and K-H. Chong, Surface modification of a granular activated carbon by citric acid for enhancement of copper adsorption, Carbon, 41, 1979-1986 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6223(03)00197-0
- H. Tamon and M. Okazaki, Influence of acidic surface oxides of activated carbon on gas adsorption characteristics, Carbon, 34, 741-746 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-6223(96)00029-2
- B. Huang, G. Liu, P. Wang, X. Zhao, and H. Xu, Effect of nitric acid modification on characteristics and adsorption properties of lignite, Processes, 7, 167 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/pr7030167
- B. S. Girgis, A. A. Attia, and N. A. Fathy, Modification in adsorption characteristics of activated carbon produced by H3PO4 under flowing gases, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 299, 79-87 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.11.024
- H. Ge and J. Wang, Ear-like poly (acrylic acid)-activated carbon nanocomposite: A highly efficient adsorbent for removal of Cd(II) from aqueous solutions, Chemosphere, 169, 443-449 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.11.069
- J. P. Chen, S. Wu, and K-H. Chong, Surface modification of a granular activated carbon by citric acid for enhancement of copper adsorption, Carbon, 41, 1979-1986 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6223(03)00197-0
- K. Yang, L. Zhu, J. Yang, and D. Lin, Adsorption and correlations of selected aromatic compounds on a KOH-activated carbon with large surface area, Sci. Total Environ., 618, 1677-1684 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.018
- Z. Liu, Y. Sun, X. Xu, J. Qu, and B. Qu, Adsorption of Hg(II) in an aqueous solution by activated carbon prepared from rice husk using KOH activation, ACS Omega, 5, 29231-29242 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.0c03992
- R. Shahrokhi-Shahraki, C. Benally, M. G. El-Din, and J. Park, High efficiency removal of heavy metals using tire-derived activated carbon vs commercial activated carbon: Insights into the adsorption mechanisms, Chemosphere, 264, 128455 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128455
- S. Norouzi, M. Heidari, V. Alipour, O. Rahmanian, M. Fazlzadeh, F. M. moghadam, H. Nourmoradi, B. Goudarzi, and K. Dindarloo, Preparation, characterization and Cr(VI) adsorption evaluation of NaOH-activated carbon produced from Date Press Cake; an agro-industrial waste, Bioresour. Technol., 258, 48-56 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.02.106
- Q. Zhang, R. Wu, Y. Zhou, Q. Lin, and C. Fang. A novel surface-oxidized rigid carbon foam with hierarchical macro-nanoporous structure for efficient removal of malachite green and lead ion, J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 103, 15-28 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2021.07.012
- Y. Liu, X. Xu, B. Qu, X. Liu, W. Yi, and H. Zhang, Study on adsorption properties of modified corn cob activated carbon for mercury ion, Energies, 14, 4483 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/en14154483
- Y. Wang and R. Liu, H2O2 treatment enhanced the heavy metals removal by manure biochar in aqueous solutions, Sci. Total Environ., 628-629, 1139-1148 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.137
- M. Farnane, A. Machrouhi, M. Khnifira, M. Barour, R. Elmoubarki, S. Qourzal, H. Tounsadi, and N. Barka, Zinc chloride activation of carob shells for heavy metals removal from water: statistical optimisation, characterisation and isotherm modelling, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem., Doi:10.1080/03067319.2020.1777290.
- A. Dzigbor and A. Chimphango, Production and optimization of NaCl-activated carbon from mango seed using response surface methodology, Biomass Convers. Biorefin., 9, 421-431 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-018-0361-3
- A. Nayak, B. V. Gupta, and P. Sharma, Chemically activated carbon from lignocellulosic wastes for heavy metal wastewater remediation: effect of activation conditions, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 493, 228-240 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2017.01.031
- Y. Wu, Y. Fan, M. Zhang, Z. Ming, S. Yang, A. Arkin, and P. Fang, Functionalized agricultural biomass as a low-cost adsorbent: utilization of rice straw incorporated with amine groups for the adsorption of Cr (VI) and Ni (II) from single and binary systems, Biochem. Eng. J., 105, 27-35 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2015.08.017
- Z. Ding, R. Yu, X. Hu, and Y. Chen, Adsorptive removal of Hg (II) ions from aqueous solutions using chemical-modified peanut hull powder, Pol. J. Environ. Stud., 23, 1115-1121 (2014).
- X. Xie, H. Gao, X. Luo, T. Su, Y. Zhang, and Z. Qin, Polyethyleneimine modified activated carbon for adsorption of Cd(II) in aqueous solution, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 7, 103183 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2019.103183
- T. A. Saleh, A. Sari, and M. Tuzen, Optimization of parameters with experimental design for the adsorption of mercury using polyethylenimine modified-activated carbon, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 5, 1079-1088 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2017.01.032
- D. T. Sun, L. Peng, W. S. Reeder, S. M. Moosavi, D. Tiana, D. K. Britt, E. Oveisi, and W. L. Queen, Rapid, Selective heavy metal removal from water by a metal-organic framework/polydopamine composite, ACS Cent. Sci., 4, 349-356 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.7b00605
- D. Lv, Y. Liu, J. Zhou, K. Yang, Z. Lou, S. A. Baig, and X. Xu, Application of EDTA-functionalized bamboo activated carbon (BAC) for Pb(II) and Cu(II) removal from aqueous solutions, Appl. Surf. Sci., 428, 648-658 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.09.151
- Y. Peng, H. Huang, Y. Zhang, C. Kang, S. Chen, L. S., D. Liu1, and C. Zhong, A versatile MOF-based trap for heavy metal ion capture and dispersion, Nat. Commun., 9, 187-195 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02600-2
- M. Roushani, Z. Saedi, and Y. M. Baghelani, Removal of cadmium ions from aqueous solutions using TMU-16-NH2 metal organic framework, Environ. Nanotechnol. Monit. Manag., 7, 89-96 (2017).
- F. Luo, J. L. Cheng, L. L. Dang, W. N. Zhou, H. L. Lin, J. Q. Li, S. J. Liu, and M. B. Luo, High-performance Hg2+ removal from ultra-low concentration aqueous solution using both acylamide and hydroxyl-functionalized metal-organic framework, J. Mater. Chem. A, 3, 9616-9620 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TA01669J
- L. Esrafili, M. Gharib, and A. Morsali, The targeted design of dual-functional metal-organic frameworks (DF-MOFs) as highly efficient adsorbents for Hg2+ ions: synthesis for purpose, Dalton Trans., 48, 17831-17839 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1039/c9dt03933c
- N. Yin, K. Wang, Y. Xia, and Z. Li, Novel melamine modified metal-organic frameworks for remarkably high removal of heavy metal Pb (II), Desalination, 430, 120-127 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2017.12.057
- F. Kazemi, H. Younesi, A. A. Ghoreyshi, N. Bahramifar, and A. Heidari, Thiol-incorporated activated carbon derived from fir wood sawdust as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of mercury ion: Batch and fixed-bed column studies, Process Saf. Environ. Prot., 100, 22-35 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2015.12.006
- S. Xia, Y. Huang, J. Tang, and L. Wang, Preparation of various thiol-functionalized carbon-based materials for enhanced removal of mercury from aqueous solution, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 26, 8709-8720 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04320-0
- T. Wajima, Carbonaceous adsorbent derived from sulfur-impregnated heavy oil ash and its lead removal ability from aqueous solution, Processes, 8, 1484 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8111484
- L. F. Liang, Q. Chen, F. Jiang, D. Yuan, J. Qian, G. Lv, H. Xue, L. Liu, H.-L. Jiang, and M. Hong, In situ large-scale construction of sulfur-functionalized metalorganic framework and its efficient removal of Hg(II) from water, J. Mater. Chem. A, 4, 15370-15374 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1039/C6TA04927C
- S. M. Waly, A. M. El-Wakil, W. M. A. El-Maaty, and F. S. Awad, Efficient removal of Pb(II) and Hg(II) ions from aqueous solution by amine and thiol modified activated carbon, J. Saudi Chem. Soc., 25, 101296 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jscs.2021.101296
- H. Xue, Q. Chen, F. Jiang, D. Yuan, G. Lv, L. Liang, L. Liu, and M. Hong, A regenerative metal-organic framework for reversible uptake of Cd(II): from effective adsorption to in situ detection, Chem. Sci., 7, 5983-5988 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1039/c6sc00972g
- L. Fu, S. Wang, G. Lin, L. Zhang, Q. Liu, J. Fang, C. Wei, and G. Liu, Post-functionalization of UiO-66-NH2 by 2,5-Dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole for the high efficient removal of Hg(II) in water, J. Hazard. Mater., 368, 42-51 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.01.025
- K. Gupta, P. Joshi, R. Gusain, and O. P. Khatri, Recent advances in adsorptive removal of heavy metal and metalloid ions by metal oxide-based nanomaterials, Coord. Chem. Rev., 445, 214100 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214100
- M. Jain, M. Yadav, T. Kohout, M. Lahtinen, V. K. Garg, and M. Sillanpaa, Development of iron oxide/activated carbon nanoparticle composite for the removal of Cr(VI), Cu(II) and Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution, Water Resour. Ind., 20, 54-74 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wri.2018.10.001
- V. Nejadshafieea and M. R. Islamia, Adsorption capacity of heavy metal ions using sultone-modified magnetic activated carbon as a bio-adsorbent, Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 101, 42-52 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.081
- K. Chen, Z. Zhang, K. Xia, X, Zhou, Y. Guo, and T. Huang, Facile synthesis of thiol-functionalized magnetic activated carbon and application for the removal of mercury(II) from aqueous solution, ACS Omega, 4, 8568-8579 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b00572
- R. Ricco, K. Konstas, M. J. Styles, J. J. Richardson, R. Babarao, K. Suzuki, P. Scopecec, and P. Falcaro, Lead(II) uptake by aluminium based magnetic framework composites (MFCs) in water, J. Mater. Chem. A, 3, 19822-19831 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TA04154F
- N. Wang, X.-K. Ouyang, L.-Y. Yang, and A. M. Omer, Fabrication of a magnetic cellulose nanocrystal/metal-organic framework composite for removal of Pb(II) from water, ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng., 5, 10447-10458 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b02472
- F. Ke, J. Jiang, Y. Li, J. Liang, X. Wan, and S. Ko, Highly selective removal of Hg2+ and Pb2+ by thiol-functionalized Fe3O4@metal-organic framework core-shell magnetic microspheres, Appl. Surf. Sci., 413, 266-274 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.03.303
- D. C. da Silva Alves, B. Healy, L. A. de Almeida Pinto, T. R. S. Cadaval, and C. B. Breslin, Recent developments in chitosan-based adsorbents for the removal of pollutants from aqueous environments, Molecules, 26, 594 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26030594
- S. Hydari, H. Sharififard, M. Nabavinia, and M. R. Parvizi, A comparative investigation on removal performances of commercial activated carbon, chitosan biosorbent and chitosan/activated carbon composite for cadmium, Chem. Eng. J., 193-194, 276-282 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.04.057
- S. Jamshidifard, S. Koushkbaghi, S. Hosseini, S. Rezaei, A. Karamipour, A. J. rad, and M. Irani, Incorporation of UiO-66-NH2 MOF into the PAN/chitosan nanofibers for adsorption and membrane filtration of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solutions, J. Hazard. Mater., 368, 10-20 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.01.024
- X.-X. Liang, N. Wang, Y.-L. Qu, L.-Y. Yang, Y.-G. Wang, and X.-K. Ouyang, Facile preparation of metal-organic framework (MIL-125)/chitosan beads for adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions, Molecules, 23, 1524 (2018). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071524