Research in Plant Disease (식물병연구)

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
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Patterns of the Occurrence of TYLCV and ToCV with Whitefly on Summer-Cultivated Tomato in Greenhouse in Gwangju, Gyeonggi Province

경기도 광주 여름재배 시설토마토의 가루이 매개 바이러스 TYLCV, ToCV 발생현황

  • Kwon, Yongnam (Gwangju Agriculture Technology & Extension) ;
  • Cha, Byeongjin (Department of Plant Medicine, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Mikyeong (Department of Plant Medicine, Chungbuk National University)
  • Received : 2022.02.03
  • Accepted : 2022.03.08
  • Published : 2022.03.31
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Abstract

Patterns of occurrence of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) with whitefly on summer-cultivated tomato in Gwangju-si, Gyeonggi Province were surveyed using multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in 2020. In addition, distribution of the whiteflies species and their viral transmission rates were investigated throughout the tomato growing season. The infection rates of TYLCV and ToCV increased sharply during harvest, and the single infection rates were 30.9% and 5.0%, respectively, with a mixed infection rate of the two viruses being the highest at 52.2%. Single infection with TYLCV and double infections with TYLCV and ToCV accounted for the majority with 83.1%. Bemisia tabaci were dominant over Trialeurodes vaporariorum in greenhouse grown plants, and all of the investigated B. tabaci biotypes were identified as Mediterranean (MED, formerly known as Q biotype). The transmission rate of TYLCV, detected in every sampled B. tabaci MED population, was 21.4%, and the mixed transmission rate with ToCV was 35.5%. Viruliferous MED whiteflies with ToCV showed a higher rate than that of T. vaporariorum. In the transplant stage, viruliferous rate of both TYLCV and ToCV of B. tabaci was 42.7%; this rate was highest in the harvest stage. In examination of tomato yield, the increase in the mixed infection rate of TYLCV and ToCV led to complete yield loss. When the mixed infection rate increased by 10%, the yield decreased by 405.4 kg/10a.

경기 광주시 완숙토마토 시설재배단지에서 가루이가 매개하는 바이러스 2종 tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV)와 tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV)의 발생양상을 조사하였다. 2020년 여름재배 작형에서 TYLCV와 ToCV의 감염률은 수확기에 급격히 증가하였고, 단독 감염률은 각각 30.9%, 5.0%였고, 복합감염률은 52.2%로 TYLCV 단독감염과 2종 바이러스 복합감염이 83.1%로 대부분을 차지하였다. 2종 바이러스를 매개하는 가루이의 발생분포 및 보독률을 조사한 결과, 작물 재배기간 내내 담배가루이가 높은 비율로 발생하였고, 조사한 담배가루이는 모두 Mediterranean (MED)으로 확인되었다. 담배가루이 MED는 TYLCV를 단독으로 보독하거나 ToCV와 복합 보독하는 경우가 48.5%로 많았으며, ToCV의 보독률은 29.1%로 온실가루이(7.2%)에 비해 높았다. 담배가루이 MED의 2종 바이러스 보독률이 토마토 정식 전부터 47.2%로 높았고, 이후 계속 증가하여 수확기에는 73.8%로 가장 높았다. 수확기 토마토 재배포장별 2종 바이러스의 감염률에 따라 수확량을 비교 분석해본 결과, TYLCV와 ToCV의 복합감염률 증가가 수확량을 감소시키는 것을 확인하였고, 복합감염률이 10% 증가함에 따라 405.4 kg/10a 수량감소를 보였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was carried out with the support of Cooperative Research program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ01487811) Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

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