DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study of a Pilot Test for a Blasting Performance Evaluation Using a Dry Hole Charged with ANFO

건공화 공법의 발파 성능 평가를 위한 현장 시험에 관한 연구

  • Received : 2021.08.05
  • Accepted : 2021.11.12
  • Published : 2022.04.01

Abstract

The existence of shallow bedrock and the desire to use underground space necessitate the use of blasting methods. The standard blasting method under water after drilling is associated with certain technical difficulties, including reduced detonation power, the use of a fixed charge per delay, and decoupling. However, there is no blasting method to replace the existing blasting method. In this paper, a dry hole charged with ANFO blasting is assessed while employing a dry hole pumping system to remove water from the drill borehole. Additional standard blasting is also utilized to compare the blasting performances of the two methods. The least-squares linear regression method is adopted to analyze the blasting vibration velocity quantitatively using the measured vibration velocity for each blasting method and the vibration velocity model as a function of the scaled distance. The results show that the dry hole charged with ANFO blasting will lead to greater damping of the blasting vibration, more energy dissipation to crush the surrounding rock, and closer distances for the allowable velocity of the blasting vibration. Also, standard blasting shows much longer influencing distances and a wider range of the blasting pattern. The pilot test confirms the blasting efficiency of dry hole charged with ANFO blasting.

암반층이 얕은 깊이에서 출현하는 국내 지층 조건과 지하 공간의 활용도 증가로 인해서, 발파에 의한 굴착은 여전히 이용되고 있다. 발파 천공 이후에 존재하는 물이 있는 조건에서 실시되는 표준 발파는 폭굉압력 감소, 일정 장약량 사용, 디커플링과 같은 기술적인 어려움이 있다. 하지만, 기존의 표준 발파 공법을 대체할 만한 공법이 없는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 건공화 펌프 시스템을 이용하여, 천공 내부에 존재하는 물을 제거하는 건공화 ANFO (Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil) 발파와 발파 성능의 비교를 위해서 추가적으로 표준 발파를 수행하였다. 각각의 발파 공법에서 계측된 진동 속도 데이터들과 환산거리의 함수로 이루어진 경험적인 발파진동 추정식을 이용하여, 최소제곱법에 의한 선형회귀분석을 실시하고, 궁극적으로 발파 성능을 정량적으로 분석하였다. 그 결과, 건공화 ANFO 발파에서 진동 감쇠가 더 크게 발생하고, 암반 파쇄에 더 많은 에너지를 소비하여, 더 가까운 거리에서 진동 허용 기준을 만족하는 진동 속도를 보였다. 또한, 표준 발파의 발파 진동 영향권이 건공화 ANFO 발파보다 더 멀리 있고, 발파 패턴의 범위가 더 넓은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 수행된 현장 발파 실험 결과로부터, 건공화 ANFO 발파 공법의 발파 성능이 효율적임을 확인하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahn, J. K., Park, D. H., Park, K. C. and Yoon, J. N. (2019). "Propagation characteristics of blast-induced vibration to fractured zone." Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association, Vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 959-972 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.9711/KTAJ.2017.19.6.959
  2. Choi, B. H. and Ryu, C. H. (2015). "Measurements and data processing for blast vibrations and air-blasts." Explosives & Blasting, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 29-50 (in Korean).
  3. Choi, B. H., Ryu, C. H. and Jeong, J. H. (2010). "Consideration on limitations of square and cube root scaled distances in controled blast design." Explosives & Blasting, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 27-39 (in Korean).
  4. Choi, S. O., Park, E. S., Sunwoo, C. and Chung, S. K. (2004). "A study on the blasting dynamic analysis using the measurement vibration waveform." Journal of Korean Society for Rock Mechanics, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 108-120 (in Korean).
  5. Devine, J. F., Beck, R. H., Meyer, A. V. C. and Duvall, W. I. (1966). Effect of charge weight on vibration levels from quarry blasting, US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, USA.
  6. Kim, S. H. and Lee, D. W. (2016). "Analysis of blasting vibration at the irregular layered structure ground." Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, KSCE, Vol. 36, No. 5, pp. 891-901 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.12652/Ksce.2016.36.5.0891
  7. Kim, S. H. and Lee, D. W. (2019). "Analysis of ground vibration characteristics by test blasting in southern region of Jeju." Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, KSCE, Vol. 39, No. 3, pp. 419-429 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.12652/KSCE.2019.39.3.0419
  8. Lee, S., Kang, D. W. and Park, H. B. (2001). "A study on the effective oscillation characteristics of the constructions of blasting operations in seaside." Explosives & Blasting, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 71-84 (in Korean).
  9. Ministry of Construction Transportation (MOCT) (2006). Blasting design and construction guidelines to road construction, No.11-1500000-001841-01 (in Korean).
  10. Shin, J. H., Moon, H. G. and Chae, S. E. (2011). "Effect of blastinduced vibration on existing tunnels in soft rocks." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 51-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2010.05.004
  11. Son, M. R., Ryu, J. H., Ahn, S. S., Hwang, Y. C., Park, D. H. and Moon, D. H. (2015). "Analysis on the characteristics of rock blasting-induced vibration based on the analysis of test blasting measurement data." Journal of the Korean Geo-Environmental Society, Vol. 16, No. 9, pp. 23-32 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.14481/JKGES.2015.16.9.23
  12. Yang, H. S. and Choi, M. J. (2006). "Validity of the attenuation equation of MOCT guide line for surface rock blasting." Tunnel and Underground Space, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 189-193 (in Korean).