Journal of Ecology and Environment

한국생태학회 (The Ecological Society of Korea)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Impact of parthenium weed invasion on plants and their soil seedbank in a subtropical grassland, central Nepal

  • 투고 : 2021.10.19
  • 심사 : 2021.11.23
  • 발행 : 2022.03.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Background: Parthenium hysterophorus L. (Asteraceae; hereafter Parthenium) is an invasive alien species of global significance because of its' negative ecological and socioeconomic impacts. This species is spreading rapidly from lowland Tarai to Middle Mountain regions in Nepal. In the present study, we analyzed the impacts of Parthenium on plant community composition including their soil seedbank in subtropical grasslands located in central Nepal. Data was collected in a 10 m long transects passing through areas of high (> 90% cover), medium (40%-60%) and low (< 10%) levels of Parthenium cover using a plot of 1 m2. Altogether, we sampled 90 plots in 30 transects. Seedling emergence method was used to estimate soil seedbank density in the soil samples (0-10 cm depth) collected from the plots with high Parthenium cover. Results: There was no significant difference in the plant species richness at different levels of Parthenium invasion whereas there was a significant change in the species composition of above ground flora due to Parthenium invasion. There was also a significant difference in species composition between soil seedbank and aboveground flora in the highly invaded plots. Parthenium was the most dominant in soil seedbank, contributing 65% to the total soil seedbank. Conclusions: Our study suggests that Parthenium has considerable negative impact on the native grassland flora, and the dominance of Parthenium in the soil seedbank means there is a challenge for its management. It also suggests the need of monitoring the soil seedbank dynamics while managing Parthenium weed.

키워드

과제정보

We are thankful to Ambika Paudel for help in field data collection and laboratory works, and Mahesh Bisht for preparing map of the study area. We are also thankful to Tribhuvan University Central Herbarium (TUCH) and National Herbarium and Plant Laboratories (KATH) for their permission to examine herbarium specimens for plant identification.

참고문헌

  1. Adkins S, Shabbir A. Biology, ecology and management of the invasive parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.). Pest Manag Sci. 2014;70(7):1023-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.3708.
  2. Ahmed SR, Bhattacharya AK. Growth inhibitory effect of some plants for Spilosoma obliqua Walker. Indian J Entomol. 1991;53(3):453-74.
  3. Allan S, Shi B, Adkins SW. Impact of parthenium weed on human and animal health. In: Adkins S, Shabbir A, Dhileepan K, editors. Parthenium weed: biology, ecology and management. Oxfordshire: CAB International; 2019. p. 105-30.
  4. Ayele S, Nigatu L, Tana T, Adkins SW. Impact of parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) on the above-ground and soil seed bank communities of rangelands in Southeast Ethiopia. Int Res J Agric Sci Soil Sci. 2013;3(7):262-74.
  5. Bajwa AA, Chauhan BS, Farooq M, Shabbir A, Adkins SW. What do we really know about alien plant invasion? A review of the invasion mechanism of one of the world's worst weeds. Planta. 2016;244(1):39-57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-016-2510-x.
  6. Bajwa AA, Farooq M, Nawaz A, Yadav L, Chauhan BS, Adkins S. Impact of invasive plant species on the livelihoods of farming households: evidence from Parthenium hysterophorus invasion in rural Punjab, Pakistan. Biol Invasions. 2019;21(11):3285-304. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-019-02047-0.
  7. Baskin CC, Baskin JM. Seeds: ecology, biogeography, and evolution of dormancy and germination. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Academic Press; 2014.
  8. Belgeri A, Adkins SW. Allelopathic potential of invasive parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) seedlings on grassland species in Australia. Allelopath J. 2015;36(1):1-14.
  9. Bimova K, Mandak B, Kasparova I. How does Reynoutria invasion fit the various theories of invasibility? J Veg Sci. 2004;15:495-504. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2004.tb02288.x.
  10. Butler JE. Longevity of Parthenium hysterophorus L. seed in the soil. Aust weeds. 2013;3(1):6.
  11. Chhogyel N, Kumar L, Bajgai Y. Invasion status and impacts of parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus) in West-Central region of Bhutan. Biol Invasions. 2021;23:2763-79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-021-02534-3.
  12. Cilliers SS, Williams NSG, Barnard FJ. Patterns of exotic plant invasions in fragmented urban and rural grasslands across continents. Landsc Ecol. 2008;23(10):1243-56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-008-9295-7.
  13. Coffin DP, Lauenroth WK. Spatial and temporal variation in the seed bank of a semiarid grassland. Am J Bot. 1989;76(1):53-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1989.tb11284.x.
  14. Dhileepan K, Callander J, Shi B, Osunkoya OO. Biological control of parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus): the Australian experience. Biocon Sci Technol. 2018;28(10):970-88. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2018.1525486.
  15. Dunbar KR, Facelli JM. The impact of a novel invasive species, Orbea variegata (African carrion flower), on the chenopod shrublands of South Australia. J Arid Environ. 1999;41(1):37-48. https://doi.org/10.1006/jare.1998.0471.
  16. Evans HC. Parthenium hysterophorus: a review of its weed status and the possibilities for biological control. Biocont News Inf. 1997;18(3):89N-98N.
  17. Fenner M. Seeds: the ecology of regeneration in plant communities. 2nd ed. Wallingford: CABI Publishing; 2000.
  18. Ganeshan G, Jayachandra. Antifungal activity of parthenin. Indian Phytopathol. 1993;46(2):193-4.
  19. Gupta S, Narayan R. Species diversity in four contrasting sites in a peri-urban area in Indian dry tropics. Trop Ecol. 2006;47(2):229-41.
  20. Haseler WH. Parthenium hysterophorus L. in Australia. PANS. 1976;22(4):515-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670877609414342.
  21. Hejda M, Pysek P. What is the impact of Impatiens glandulifera on species diversity of invaded riparian vegetation? Biol Conserv. 2006;132(2):143-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2006.03.025.
  22. Hejda M, Hanzelka J, Kadlec T, Strobl M, Pysek P, Reif J. Impacts of an invasive tree across trophic levels: species richness, community composition and resident species' traits. Divers Distrib. 2017;23(9):997-1007. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12596.
  23. Joshi S. Biocontrol of Parthenium hysterophorus L. Crop Prot. 1991;10(6):429-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-2194(91)80129-4.
  24. Kohli RK, Dogra KS, Batish DR, Singh HP. Impact of invasive plants on the structure and composition of natural vegetation of Northwestern Indian Himalayas. Weed Technol. 2004;18(sp1):1296-300. https://doi.org/10.1614/0890-037X(2004)018[1296:IOIPOT]2.0.CO;2.
  25. Looney PB, Gibson DJ. The relationship between the soil seed bank and above-ground vegetation of a coastal barrier island. J Veg Sci. 1995;6(6):825-36. https://doi.org/10.2307/3236396.
  26. Maharjan S, Shrestha BB, Devkota A, Muniappan R, Jha PK. Temporal and spatial patterns of research on a globally significant invasive weed Parthenium hysterophorus L.: a bibliographic review. Crop Prot. 2020;135:104832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2019.05.026.
  27. Mainali KP, Warren DL, Dhileepan K, McConnachie A, Strathie L, Hassan G, et al. Projecting future expansion of invasive species: comparing and improving methodologies for species distribution modeling. Glob Chang Biol. 2015;21(12):4464-80. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13038.
  28. Mao R, Shabbir A, Adkins S. Parthenium hysterophorus: a tale of global invasion over two centuries, spread and prevention measures. J Environ Manage. 2021;279:111751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111751.
  29. Marahatta S, Dangol BS, Gurung GB. Temporal and spatial variability of climate change over Nepal, 1976-2005. Kathmandu: Practical Action Nepal Office; 2009.
  30. Martin PH. Norway maple (Acer platanoides) invasion of a natural forest stand: understory consequence and regeneration pattern. Biol Invasions. 1999;1(2-3):215-22. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010084421858.
  31. Milugo TK, Tchouassi DP, Kavishe RA, Dinglasan RR, Torto B. Root exudate chemical cues of an invasive plant modulate oviposition behavior and survivorship of a malaria mosquito vector. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):14785. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94043-5.
  32. Mollot G, Pantel JH, Romanuk TN. The effects of invasive species on the decline in species richness: a global meta-analysis. In: Bohan DA, Dumbrell AJ, Massol F, editors. Advances in ecological research. London: Academic Press; 2017. p. 61-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aecr.2016.10.002.
  33. Navie SC, McFadyen RE, Panetta FD, Adkins SW. The biology of Australian weeds. 27. Parthenium hysterophorus L. Plant Prot Q. 1996;11(2):76-88.
  34. Navie SC, Panetta FD, McFadyen RE, Adkins SW. Behaviour of buried and surface-sown seeds of Parthenium hysterophorus. Weed Res. 1998;38(5):335-41. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3180.1998.00104.x.
  35. Navie SC, Panetta FD, McFadyen RE, Adkins SW. Germinable soil seedbanks of central Queensland rangelands invaded by the exotic weed Parthenium hysterophorus L.. Weed Biol Manag. 2004;4(3):154-67. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-6664.2004.00132.x.
  36. O'Donnell C, Adkins SW. Management of parthenium weed through competitive displacement with beneficial plants. Weed Biol Manag. 2005;5(2):77-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-6664.2005.00160.x.
  37. Paudel A, Shrestha BB. Germination response of herbaceous plant species to aqueous extracts of invasive alien weed Parthenium hysterophorus. Bot Orient J Plant Sci. 2019;13:1-12.
  38. Picman J, Picman AK. Autotoxicity in Parthenium hysterophorus and its possible role in control of germination. Biochem Syst Ecol. 1984;12(3):287-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(84)90051-6.
  39. Rice EL. Allelopathy. 2nd ed. Orlando: Academic Press; 1984.
  40. Rice KJ. Impacts of seed banks on grassland community structure and population dynamics. In: Leck MA, Parker VT, Simpson RL, editors. Ecology of soil seed banks. San Diego: Academic Press; 1989. p. 211-30.
  41. Rokaya MB, Khatri-Chettri J, Ghimire SR, Shrestha BB. Vegetation and soil seedbank dynamics in Parthenium hysterophorus L. invaded subtropical grassland in Nepal. Trop Ecol. 2020;61:238-47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42965-020-00085-7.
  42. Roskov Y, Ower G, Orrell T, Nicolson D, Bailly N, Kirk PM, et al. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 2019 Annual Checklist. In: Plant List. Species 2000. 2019. https://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019. Accessed 17 Jul 2019.
  43. Schafer DE, Chilcote DO. Factors influencing persistence and depletion in buried seed populations. II. The effects of soil temperature and moisture. Crop Sci. 1970;10(4):342-5. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1970.0011183X001000040007x.
  44. Seastedt TR, Pysek P. Mechanisms of plant invasions of North American and European grasslands. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst. 2011;42:133-53. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102710-145057.
  45. Shabbir A, Bajwa R. Distribution of parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.), an alien invasive weed species threatening the biodiversity of Islamabad. Weed Biol Manag. 2006;6(2):89-95. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-6664.2006.00202.x.
  46. Shrestha BB, Pokhrel K, Paudel N, Poudel S, Shabbir A, Adkins SW. Distribution of Parthenium hysterophorus and one of its biological control agents (Coleoptera: Zygogramma bicolorata) in Nepal. Weed Res. 2019a;59(6):467-78. https://doi.org/10.1111/wre.12384.
  47. Shrestha BB, Shrestha UB, Sharma KP, Thapa-Parajuli RB, Devkota A, Siwakoti M. Community perception and prioritization of invasive alien plants in Chitwan-Annapurna Landscape, Nepal. J Environ Manage. 2019b;229:38-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.06.034.
  48. Shrestha BB, Shabbir A, Adkins SW. Parthenium hysterophorus in Nepal: a review of its weed status and possibilities for management. Weed Res. 2015;55(2):132-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/wre.12133.
  49. Simpson RL, Leck MA, Parker VT. Seed banks: general concepts and methodological issues. In: Leck MA, Parker VT, Simpson RL, editors. Ecology of soil seed banks. San Diego: Academic Press; 1989. p. 3-8.
  50. Siwakoti M, Varma SK. Plant diversity of Eastern Nepal: flora of plains of Eastern Nepal. Dehra Dun: Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh; 1999.
  51. Smilauer P, Leps J. Multivariate analysis of ecological data using CANOCO. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press; 2014.
  52. Tamado T, Milberg P. Weed flora in arable fields of eastern Ethiopia with emphasis on the occurrence of Parthenium hysterophorus. Weed Res. 2000;40(6):507-21. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3180.2000.00208.x.
  53. ter Braak CJF, Smilauer P. Canoco 5, Windows release (5.04). Biometris. The Netherlands and Czech Republic: Plant Research International; 2012.
  54. Timsina B, Shrestha BB, Rokaya MB, Munzbergova Z. Impact of Parthenium hysterophorus L. invasion on plant species composition and soil properties of grassland communities in Nepal. Flora. 2011;206(3):233-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2010.09.004.
  55. Torok P, Matus G, Papp M, Tothmeresz B. Seed bank and vegetation development of sandy grasslands after goose breeding. Folia Geobot. 2009;44:31-46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12224-009-9027-z.
  56. Upreti BN. An overview of the stratigraphy and tectonics of the Nepal Himalaya. J Asian Earth Sci. 1999;17(5-6):577-606. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1367-9120(99)00047-4.
  57. Wilson SD, Moore DR, Keddy PA. Relationships of marsh seed banks to vegetation patterns along environmental gradients. Freshw Biol. 1993;29(3):361-70. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1993.tb00770.x.
  58. Zobel DB, Jha PK, Behan MJ, Yadav UKR. A practical manual for ecology. Kathmandu: Ratna Book Distributors; 1987.