Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters (한국미생물·생명공학회지)

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Prevalence of GII.4 Sydney 2012 and Recombinant GII.3P[12] Noroviruses Associated with Acute Gastroenteritis in Hospitalized Children in Thailand, 2015-2017

  • Manowong, Areerat (Biology Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University) ;
  • Chanta, Chulapong (Pediatric Unit, Chiangrai Prachanukroh Hospital) ;
  • Chan-it, Wisoot (Biology Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University)
  • Received : 2021.09.06
  • Accepted : 2022.02.03
  • Published : 2022.03.28
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Abstract

Norovirus (NoV) is an important pathogen causing acute gastroenteritis worldwide. The purpose of the present study was the molecular characterization of NoV. A total of 408 stool specimens collected from hospitalized children associated with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Rai, Thailand, 2015-2017 were investigated for the presence of NoVs by RT-PCR. NoV GII was detected in 32 samples (7.8%). Five distinct genotypes were identified, including GII.4 (13/32, 40.6%), GII.3 (11/32, 34.3%), GII.17 (4/32, 12.5%), GII.2 (2/32, 6.3%), and GII.14 (2/32, 6.3%). NoV infection occurred mostly in young children under 3 years of age (31/32, 96.9%) and showed the main peak in summer months from March to April (18/32, 56.3%). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all 13 GII.4 strains clustered with GII.4 Sydney 2012 variant. Representative GII.3 strains were analyzed as a recombinant GII.3P[12] strain. Several amino acid differences were found in the antigenic epitopes and antibody binding sites of the VP1 capsid of the GII.3P[12]. Homology modeling of the P domain of the GII.3P[12] strain demonstrated that 10/13 amino acid differences were predicted to be located on the surface-exposed area of the capsid structure. These amino acid changes might affect the infectivity and the antigenicity of the recombinant GII.3P[12]. The prevalence of GII.4 Sydney 2012 and recombinant GII.3P[12] strains indicates the genetic diversity of circulating NoVs in Thailand, emphazing the importance of continuous surveillance to mornitor newly emerging NoV strains in the future.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We thank the participants for their cooperation of this study and the staff members of Pediatric Unit, Chiangrai Prachanukroh Hospital for fecal specimen collection. The authors gratefully acknowledge Prof. Dr. Yong Poovorawan for initial advice including submitting documents for approval research ethics. This study was partially supported by grants-in-aid from Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University, Thailand.

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