Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters (한국미생물·생명공학회지)

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Acyl Homoserine Lactone in Interspecies Bacterial Signaling

  • Kanojiya, Poonam (Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University)) ;
  • Banerji, Rajashri (Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University)) ;
  • Saroj, Sunil D. (Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University))
  • Received : 2021.11.30
  • Accepted : 2021.12.31
  • Published : 2022.03.28
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Abstract

Bacteria communicate with each other through an intricate communication mechanism known as quorum sensing (QS). QS regulates different behavioral aspects in bacteria, such as biofilm formation, sporulation, virulence gene expression, antibiotic production, and bioluminescence. Several different chemical signals and signal detection systems play vital roles in promoting highly efficient intra- and interspecies communication. Gram-negative bacteria coordinate gene regulation through the production of acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs). Gram-positive bacteria do not code for AHL production, while some gram-negative bacteria have an incomplete AHL-QS system. Despite this fact, these microbes can detect AHLs owing to the presence of LuxR solo receptors. Various studies have reported the role of AHLs in interspecies signaling. Moreover, as bacteria live in a polymicrobial community, the production of extracellular compounds to compete for resources is imperative. Thus, AHL-mediated signaling and inhibition are considered to affect virulence in bacteria. In the current review, we focus on the synthesis and regulation mechanisms of AHLs and highlight their role in interspecies bacterial signaling. Exploring interspecies bacterial signaling will further help us understand host-pathogen interactions, thereby contributing to the development of therapeutic strategies intended to target chronic polymicrobial infections.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

PK and RB are supported by the junior research fellowship program of the Symbiosis International (Deemed University). The work was supported by the Ramalingaswami fellowship program of Department of Biotechnology, India under grant BT/RLF/Reentry/41/2015.

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