Acknowledgement
The authors wish to thank BMK Cloud for their help in the experiments.
References
- Qiu Q, Zhang G, Ma T, Qian W, Wang J, Ye Z, et al. The yak genome and adaptation to life at high altitude. Nat Genet. 2012;44(8):946-949. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.2343
- Yu SJ, Huang YM, Chen BX. Reproductive patterns of the yak. I. Reproductive phenomena of the female yak. Br Vet J. 1993;149(6):579-583. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0007-1935(05)80042-9
- Prakash BS, Sarkar M, Mondal M. An update on reproduction in yak and mithun. Reprod Domest Anim. 2008;43 Suppl 2:217-223. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01165.x
- Han XH, Fan JF, Yu YT, He HH, Ma Y, Yu SJ, et al. Study on the morphological changes and apoptosis of yak (Bos grunniens) placentomes from pregnancy, pre and post-parturation. J Agric Biotechnol. 2018;26(10):1714-1722.
- Xiao X, Zi XD, Niu HR, Xiong XR, Zhong JC, Li J, et al. Effect of addition of FSH, LH and proteasome inhibitor MG132 to in vitro maturation medium on the developmental competence of yak (Bos grunniens) oocytes. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2014;12(1):30. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-12-30
- Zhang LZ. Morphology of Ovary and the Expression of Ghrelin on Corpus Luteum in Pregnant Dairy Goats. Xianyang: Northwest A&F University; 2010.
- Huo SD, Yuan QJ, Zhang TJ, Liu JL, Abudureyimu A, Yang JT. Protein and mRNA expression of estradiol receptors during estrus in yaks (Bos grunniens). Braz J Anim Sci. 2015;44(10):350-354.
- Farin PW, Crosier AE, Farin CE. Influence of in vitro systems on embryo survival and fetal development in cattle. Theriogenology. 2001;55(1):151-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(00)00452-0
- McDougall S, Compton CW, Anniss FM. Effect of exogenous progesterone and oestradiol on plasma progesterone concentrations and follicle wave dynamics in anovulatory anoestrous post-partum dairy cattle. Anim Reprod Sci. 2004;84(3-4):303-314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2004.02.009
- Sun A, He F, Huan C, Li HB, Wu BX, Hu XG, et al. RNA-Seq analysis of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovary (HPO) axis in pubertal cows. Hunan Inst Anim Vet Sci. 2021;41(2):345-352.
- Chen SB. Comparative Study on the Different Schemes of Induction Estrus on Yak. Xining: Qinghai University; 2014.
- Huo SD, Zhang TJ, Abudureyimu A, Liu JL, Zhang GH, Ma ZR. Protein and mRNA expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor in yaks during estrus. Braz J Anim Sci. 2018;47:e20160360.
- Abalos MC, Acuna F, Cancino AK, Aller JF. Effect of GnRH analogue administration on Day 7 after natural mating on formation accessory corpus luteum, progesterone concentration and conception rate in llamas (Lama glama). Anim Reprod Sci. 2018;190:47-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.01.006
- Desaulniers AT, Cederberg RA, Lents CA, White BR. Expression and role of gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 and its receptor in mammals. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2017;8:269. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2017.00269
- Huo SD, Chen SE, Long RJ, Yang JT, Lu JX, Zang RX, et al. Protein and mRNA expression of folliclestimulating hormone receptor and luteinizing hormone receptor during the oestrus in the yak (Bos grunniens). Reprod Domest Anim. 2017;52(3):477-482. https://doi.org/10.1111/rda.12936
- Kaim M, Bloch A, Wolfenson D, Braw-Tal R, Rosenberg M, Voet H, et al. Effects of GnRH administered to cows at the onset of estrus on timing of ovulation, endocrine responses, and conception. J Dairy Sci. 2003;86(6):2012-2021. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73790-4
- Yang QL, Zhang J. Regulation of seasonal breeding in yaks. Chin Qinghai J Anim Vet Sci. 2020;50(5):64-66.
- Wu X, Zhou X, Xiong L, Pei J, Yao X, Liang C, et al. Transcriptome analysis reveals the potential role of long non-coding RNAs in mammary gland of yak during lactation and dry period. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020;8:579708. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.579708
- Young MD, Wakefield MJ, Smyth GK, Oshlack A. Gene ontology analysis for RNA-seq: accounting for selection bias. Genome Biol. 2010;11(2):R14. https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2010-11-2-r14
- Mao X, Cai T, Olyarchuk JG, Wei L. Automated genome annotation and pathway identification using the KEGG Orthology (KO) as a controlled vocabulary. Bioinformatics. 2005;21(19):3787-3793. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bti430
- Qin J, Gu F, Liu D, Yin C, Zhao S, Chen H, et al. Proteomic analysis of elite soybean Jidou17 and its parents using iTRAQ-based quantitative approaches. Proteome Sci. 2013;11(1):12. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-5956-11-12
- Elias JE, Gygi SP Target-decoy search strategy for increased confidence in large-scale protein identifications by mass spectrometry. Nat Methods. 2007;4(3):207-214. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth1019
- Tang C, Lan D, Zhang H, Ma J, Yue H. Transcriptome analysis of duck liver and identification of differentially expressed transcripts in response to duck hepatitis A virus genotype C infection. PLoS One. 2013;8(7):e71051. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071051
- Yang YJ, Guo SY, Zhang JB, Wang YS. The secretion pattern of peripheral plasma LH and FSH in sows during sexual development and sexual cycle. Chin J Vet Med. 2000;(1):42-43.
- Chen ZM. Etiology and preventive measures of yak fatigue. Chin Anim Husb Vet Abstr. 2013;29(1):13-14.
- Zhang L, You HH, Peng Y. Mechanism and prevention measures of postpartum fatigue infertility in cows. Heilongjiang Anim Breed. 2008;(1):12-14.
- Huo SD, Yang YM, Zhaxi Y. Melatonin and seasonal reproduction in yak. Biol Rhythm Res. 2021;52:1412-1415. https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2019.1630922
- Du J. Influence of Continuous Light on the Female Rats Reproductive Endocrine Rhythm and Experimental Study on Intervention Effect of Nourishing Yin and Invigorating Yang Sequential Traditional Chinese Medicine. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; 2012.
- Hofman MA. The brain's calendar: neural mechanisms of seasonal timing. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 2004;79(1):61-77. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1464793103006250
- Liu W, Han B, Zhu W, Cheng T, Fan M, Wu J, et al. Polymorphism in the alternative donor site of the cryptic exon of LHCGR: functional consequences and associations with testosterone level. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):45699. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep45699
- Pakarainen T, Zhang FP, Nurmi L, Poutanen M, Huhtaniemi I. Knockout of luteinizing hormone receptor abolishes the effects of follicle-stimulating hormone on preovulatory maturation and ovulation of mouse graafian follicles. Mol Endocrinol. 2005;19(10):2591-2602. https://doi.org/10.1210/me.2005-0075
- Shao SC, Yan BB, Zhang W, Zhang TW, Liang P. Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of LHCGR gene in 4 sheep breeds. Chin Anim Husb Vet. 2021;48(5):1691-1698.
- Chatroopkan C, Rukkwamsuk T, Arunvipas P. Effect of negative energy balance on reproductive performance of postparturient dairy cows. J Kasetsart Vet. 2016;26(3):144-154.
- Sun QY, Schatten H. Regulation of dynamic events by microfilaments during oocyte maturation and fertilization. Reproduction. 2006;131(2):193-205. https://doi.org/10.1530/rep.1.00847
- Liu X, Hao Y, Li Z, Zhou J, Zhu H, Bu G, et al. Maternal cytokines CXCL12, VEGFA, and WNT5A promote porcine oocyte maturation via MAPK activation and canonical WNT inhibition. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020;8:578. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.00578
- Mamo S, Carter F, Lonergan P, Leal CL, Al Naib A, McGettigan P, et al. Sequential analysis of global gene expression profiles in immature and in vitro matured bovine oocytes: potential molecular markers of oocyte maturation. BMC Genomics. 2011;12(1):151. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-12-151
- Song X, Wang Z, Liang H, Zhang W, Ye Y, Li H, et al. Dioscin induces gallbladder cancer apoptosis by inhibiting ROS-mediated PI3K/AKT signalling. Int J Biol Sci. 2017;13(6):782-793. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.18732
- Chen D, Zhang Y, Yi Q, Huang Y, Hou H, Zhang Y, et al. Regulation of asymmetrical cytokinesis by cAMP during meiosis I in mouse oocytes. PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e29735. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029735
- Liu L, Kong N, Xia G, Zhang M. Molecular control of oocyte meiotic arrest and resumption. Reprod Fertil Dev. 2013;25(3):463-471. https://doi.org/10.1071/RD12310
- Cai Y, Ma SL, Yan ZY. Studying on content of estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone, progesterone in serum of Qaidam cattle, yak, zho during estrus. Qinghai J Anim Husb Vet Med. 2015;45(6):11-13.