New & Renewable Energy (신재생에너지)

Korean Society for New and Renewable Energy (한국신·재생에너지학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Feasibility Study of the Introduction of Hydrogen System and Plus DR on Campus MG

  • Woo, Gyuha (Energy Policy and Engineering KEPCO International Nuclear Graduate School (KINGS)) ;
  • Park, Soojin (Energy Policy and Engineering, KEPCO International Nuclear Graduate School (KINGS)) ;
  • Yoon, Yongbeum (Energy Policy and Engineering, KEPCO International Nuclear Graduate School (KINGS))
  • Received : 2021.12.26
  • Accepted : 2022.03.15
  • Published : 2022.03.25
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The renewable energy based MG is becoming one of the prominent solutions for greenhouse gas and constructing less power lines. However, how to procure the economics of MG considering the CO2 emission and utility network impact is one of major issues as the proportion of renewable resource increases. This paper proposes the feasibility study scheme of campus MG and shows that the LCOE and CO2 emission can be reduced by utilizing the excess power and introducing hydrogen system and plus DR. For this, the three cases: (a) adding the PV and selling excess power to utility, (b) producing and selling hydrogen using excess power, and (c) participating in plus DR are considered. For each case, not only the topology and component capacity of MG to secure economic feasibility, but also CO2 emission and utility network effects are derived. If an electrolyzer with a capacity of 400 kW participates in plus DR for 3,730hours/year, the economic feasibility is securable if plus DR settlement and hydrogen sale price are more than 7.08¢/kWh and 8.3USD/kg or 6.25¢/kWh and 8.6USD/kg, respectively. For this end, continuous technical development and policy support for hydrogen system and plus DR are required.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was conducted with the funds of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy in 2019 with the support of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) as a new energy project and a global talent development project (project number: 20194010000090). This work was supported by the 2020 Research Fund of the KEPCO International Nuclear Graduate School (KINGS), Republic of Korea.

References

  1. Hirsch, A., Parag, Y., and Guerrero, J., 2018, "Microgrids: A review of technologies, key drivers, and outstanding issues", Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 90, 402-411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.03.040
  2. Na, M.S., and Kim, J.O., 2019, "Optimal sizing and location of renewable energies in a microgrid", New. Renew. Energy, 15(1), 55-61. https://doi.org/10.7849/ksnre.2019.3.15.1.055
  3. Hatziargyriou, N., 2014, "Microgrids: Architectures and control", Wiley, 25-203.
  4. Borghese, F., Cunic, K., and Barton, P., 2018, "Microgrid Business Models and Value Chains", Schneider Electric White Paper, https://perspectives.se.com/e-books/microgrid-business-models.
  5. Del Granado, P.C., Wallace, S.W., and Pang, Z., 2014, "The value of electricity storage in domestic homes: a smart grid perspective", Energy Systems, 5(2), 211-232. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12667-013-0108-y
  6. Zhang, K., Li, J., He, Z., and Yan, W., 2018, "Microgrid energy dispatching for industrial zones with renewable generations and electric vehicles via stochastic optimization and learning", Phys. A: Stat. Mech. Appl., 501, 356-369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2018.02.196
  7. Del Granado, P.C., Pang, Z., and Wallace, S.W., 2016, "Synergy of smart grids and hybrid distributed generation on the value of energy storage", Applied Energy, 170, 476-488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.01.095
  8. Muqeet, H.A., Munir, H.M., Javed, H., Shahzad, M., Jamil, M., and Guerrero, J.M., 2021, "An energy management system of campus microgrids: State-of-the-art and future challenges", Energies, 14(20), 6525. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14206525
  9. Bonfiglio, A., Delfino, F., Pampararo, F., Procopio, R., Rossi, M., and Barillari, L., 2012, "The smart polygeneration microgrid test-bed facility of Genoa University", Proceeding of 2012 47th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC), 4-7.
  10. Washom, B., Dilliot, J., Weil, D., Kleissl, J., Balac, N., Torre, W., and Richter, C., 2013, "Ivory tower of power: Microgrid implementation at the university of California, San Diego", IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, 11(4), 28-32. https://doi.org/10.1109/MPE.2013.2258278
  11. M. Shahidepour, 2014, "Perfect power prototype for illinois institute of technology final technical report", United States, https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1191135.
  12. Kei, F., Takashi, O., Katsuhiro, K., Taizo, S., Kenichi, K., and Shigeo., N., 2013, "Multi-building energy management system at Chubu University for a smart community", Shimizu Corporation, 90, 93-100.
  13. Cho, S. C., Hah, T. K, Haan, S. J., and Han, H. S., 2016, "A Study for Development and Demonstration of Campus Micro Grid in Seoul National University", Proceeding of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2016 Summer Conference, 504-505, https://www.kiee.or.kr/pages_publications/electronic_library.vm
  14. Kim, B.C., Jeong, H.Y., and Kim, H.Y., 2018, "Campus microgrid-EMS system considering multi-MG power trading", Proceeding of Symposium on Micrpgrids, https://microgrid-symposiums.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/05_poster_2018_HyeYoonJeong.pdf.
  15. Ismail, M.S., Moghavvemi, M., Mahlia, T.M.I., Muttaqi, K.M., and Moghavvemi, S., 2015, "Effective utilization of excess energy in standalone hybrid renewable energy systems for improving comfortability and reducing cost of energy: a review and analysis", Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 42, 726-734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.10.051
  16. Mousavi G., S.M., 2012, "An autonomous hybrid energy system of wind/tidal/microturbine/ battery storage", Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst., 43(1), 1144-1154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2012.05.060
  17. Demiroren, A., and Yilmaz, U., 2010, "Analysis of change in electric energy cost with using renewable energy sources in Gokceada, Turkey: An island example", Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 14(1), 323-333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2009.06.030
  18. Ranjevaa, M., and Kulkarnia, A.K., 2012, "Design optimization of a hybrid, small, decentralized power plant for Remote/Rural areas", Energy Procedia, 20, 258-270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.03.026
  19. Mayyas, A., Wei, M., and Levis, G., 2020, "Hydrogen as a long-term, large-scale energy storage solution when coupled with renewable energy sources or grids with dynamic electricity pricing schemes", Int. J. Hydrog., 45(33), 16311-16325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.04.163
  20. Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO), "Electric Rates Table", https://cyber. kepco. co.kr/ckepco/front/jsp/CY/E/E/CYEEHP 00101.jsp.
  21. Wikipedia, "Pearson correlation coefficient", https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearson_correlation_ coefficient
  22. Kristiawan, R.B., Widiastuti, I., and Suharno, S., 2018, "Technical and economical feasibility analysis of photovoltaic power installation on a university campus in Indonesia", Proceeding of MATEC Web of Conferences, 197(2), 08012. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819708012
  23. Ajuzie Uchechukwu, C., Azubogu, A.C.O., and Inyiama, H.C., 2019, "Modeling and simulation of campus solar-diesel hybrid using HOMER grid (SPGS Nnamdi Azikiwe university Awka campus as a case study)", THE IJES, 8(12), 97-108, https://www.theijes.com/papers/vol8-issue12/Series-2/K08120297108.pdf.
  24. Lee, K.D., and Kim, K.H., 2020, "Establishment and operation of a mid- to long-term power generation cost forecast system to expand the supply of renewable energy. (1/5)", Korea Energy Economics Institute, https://www.keei.re.kr/web_keei/d_results.nsf/main_all/A10FCB3438C55F4349258669004FC436/$file/%EA%B8%B0%EB%B3%B8%202020-21_%EC%9E%AC%EC%83%9D%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80%20%EA%B3%B5%EA%B8%89%ED%99%95%EB%8C%80%EB%A5%BC%20%EC%9C%84%ED%95%9C%20%EC%A4%91%EC%9E%A5%EA%B8%B0%20%EB%B0%9C%EC%A0%84%EB%8B%A8%EA%B0%80(LCOE)%20%EC%A0%84%EB%A7%9D%20%EC%8B%9C%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%9C%20%EA%B5%AC%EC%B6%95%20%EB%B0%8F%20%EC%9A%B4%EC%98%81.pdf.
  25. Daily Economics, 2016, "Challenge small-scale wind power "renewable energy" business", https://www.mk.co.kr/news/business/view/2016 /05/331814.
  26. Korea Energy Agency, 2021, "CO2 emission coefficient of electricity", https://tips.energy.or.kr/qna/qna_view.do?no=1797.
  27. Zhang, Y., Campana, P.E., Lundblad, A., and Yan, J., 2017, "Comparative study of hydrogen storage and battery storage in grid connected photovoltaic system: storage sizing and rule-based operation", Appl. Energy, 201, 397-411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.03.123
  28. Energy Newspaper, 2021, "What is the solution to cheap green hydrogen production?", https://www.energy-news.co.kr/news/ articleView.html?idxno=76539.
  29. Mun, H., Moon, B.H., Park, S.J., and Yoon Y.B., 2021, "A Study on the economic feasibility of stand-alone microgrid for carbon-free island in Korea", Energies, 14(7), 1913. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14071913
  30. Anderson, R., Burrows, J.O., and Gilbert, A., 2018, "Excess supply DR pilot 2015-2017 summary and findings (Public version)", PG&E, 2018, 16.
  31. Jeong, S.H., Jeong, L.H., Jang, J.W., Jeon, S.E., and Ahn, S.M., 2021, "A study on the performance assessment of plus DR to reduce renewable energy curtailment", Proceeding of 2021 KIEE Summer Conference, 727-728.
  32. Jeju special self-governing province, 2019, "Integrated renewable energy supplementation, CFI 2030 plan modification and supplement service for energy independence", file:///C:/Users/KSNRE/Downloads/CFI%202030%EA%B3%84%ED%9A%8D%20%EC%88%98%EC%A0%95%20%EB%B3%B4%EC%99%84%20%EC%9A%A9%EC%97%AD(%EC%9A%94%EC%95%BD%EB%B3%B8).pdf.
  33. The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers (KIEE), 2020, "P2G economic analysis and resolution of excess electricity in Jeju island", Energy Focus 2020 Autumn issue, 17(3), http://www.keei.re.kr/keei/download/focus/ef2010/ef2010_70.pdf