Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters (한국미생물·생명공학회지)

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Anticancer and Cytotoxic Effect of Verotoxin 1 on Colon Cancer Cell Line

  • Mustafa Attiyah, Hadid (Department of Dentistry, Al-Farabi University College, and College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University) ;
  • Mohammad M.F., Al-Halbosiy (Biotechnology Research Center, Al-Nahrain University) ;
  • Abdulwahid B., Al-Shaibani (Department of Biology, Al-Farabi University College, College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University)
  • Received : 2022.04.13
  • Accepted : 2022.08.25
  • Published : 2022.09.28
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Abstract

Verotoxin-1 (VT-1) or Shiga-like toxin 1 (Stx-1) is produced by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) and is an AB5 holotoxin with a strong inhibitor of protein synthesis. VT-1 is a type 2 ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) that has been shown to have cytotoxic and anticancer potential by inducing necrosis, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest, making it a promising antitumor candidate. Here, we tested the cytotoxicity of VT-1 on CaCo2 and NCM425 cell lines and the results showed that VT-1 was more potent on CaCo2. Morphological changes were also evaluated on the cellular level and the results showed that VT-1 caused a decrease in viable cell count, altered cell membrane permeability, and an increase in total nuclear intensity. On the other hand, VT-1 displayed a lesser impact on mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and cytochrome c release. On the expression of caspases 3 and 9, VT-1 exhibited an insignificant effect on both which alongside the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and cytochrome c results, might indicate that CaCo2 suffered from the necrosis process as a mechanism of cell death after exposure to VT-1.

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References

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