Korean Journal of Veterinary Service (한국동물위생학회지)

The Korean Society of Veterinary Service (한국동물위생학회)
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Avian influenza virus surveillance in wild bird in South Korea from 2019 to 2022

  • Eun-Jee, Na (Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary of Medicine, Jeonbuk National University) ;
  • Su-Beom, Chae (Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary of Medicine, Jeonbuk National University) ;
  • Jun-Soo, Park (Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary of Medicine, Jeonbuk National University) ;
  • Yoon-Ji, Kim (Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary of Medicine, Jeonbuk National University) ;
  • Young-Sik, Kim (Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary of Medicine, Jeonbuk National University) ;
  • Jae-Ku, Oem (Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary of Medicine, Jeonbuk National University)
  • Received : 2022.11.11
  • Accepted : 2022.12.12
  • Published : 2022.12.30
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Abstract

Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) cause contagious diseases and have the potential to infect not only birds but also mammals. Wild birds are the natural reservoir of AIVs and spread them worldwide while migrating. Here we collected active AIV surveillance data from wild bird habitats during the 2019 to 2022 winter seasons (from September to March of the following year) in South Korea. We isolated 97 AIVs from a total of 7,590 fecal samples and found the yearly prevalence of AIVs was 0.83, 1.48, and 1.27, respectively. The prevalence of AIVs were generally higher from September to November. These findings demonstrate that a high number of wild birds that carry AIVs migrate into South Korea during the autumn season. The highest virus numbers were isolated from the species Anas platyrhynchos (72%; n=70), followed by Anas poecilorhyncha (15.4%; n=15), suggesting that each is an important host for these pathogens. Twenty-five hemagglutinin-neuraminidase subtypes were isolated, and all AIVs except the H5N8 subtype were found to be low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs). Active surveillance of AIVs in wild birds could benefit public health because it could help to estimate their risk for introduction into animals and humans. Moreover, considering that 132 cases of human AIV infections have been reported worldwide within the last 5 years, active surveillance of AIVs is necessary to avoid outbreaks.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), funded by the Ministry of Education (2019R1A6A1A03033084), as well as by a Government-sponsored R&D Fund for infectious disease research (GFID; HG18C0084). We would also like to express our gratitude to the editors of the Writing Center at Jeonbuk National University for their skilled English-language assistance.

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