Molecules and Cells

Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology (한국분자세포생물학회)
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Glyoxalase 1 as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells

  • Ji-Young, Kim (Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Ji-Hye, Jung (Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Seung-Joon, Lee (Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Seon-Sook, Han (Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Seok-Ho, Hong (Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University)
  • Received : 2022.07.05
  • Accepted : 2022.08.01
  • Published : 2022.12.31
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Abstract

Methylglyoxal (MG) is a dicarbonyl compound formed in cells mainly by the spontaneous degradation of the triose phosphate intermediates of glycolysis. MG is a powerful precursor of advanced glycation end products, which lead to strong dicarbonyl and oxidative stress. Although divergent functions of MG have been observed depending on its concentration, MG is considered to be a potential antitumor factor due to its cytotoxic effects within the oncologic domain. MG detoxification is carried out by the glyoxalase system. Glyoxalase 1 (Glo1), the ubiquitous glutathionedependent enzyme responsible for MG degradation, is considered to be a tumor promoting factor due to it catalyzing the removal of cytotoxic MG. Indeed, various cancer types exhibit increased expression and activity of Glo1 that closely correlate with tumor cell growth and metastasis. Furthermore, mounting evidence suggests that Glo1 contributes to cancer stem cell survival. In this review, we discuss the role of Glo1 in the malignant progression of cancer and its possible use as a promising therapeutic target for tumor therapy. We also summarize therapeutic outcomes of Glo1 inhibitors as prospective treatments for the prevention of cancer.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by grants from the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (2021R1I1A3049997) and "Regional Innovation Strategy (RIS)" through the NRF funded by the Ministry of Education (MOE) (2022RIS-005). Finally, this study was funded in part by the "Experts Training Graduate Program for Particulate Matter Management", a program of the Ministry of the Environment, Korea and KW-Bio Co., Ltd.

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