Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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Habitat Quality Analysis and Evaluation of InVEST Model Using QGIS - Conducted in 21 National Parks of Korea -

QGIS를 이용한 InVEST 모델 서식지질 분석 및 평가 - 21개 국립공원을 대상으로 -

  • Jang, Jung-Eun (Education Service Division, Baekdudaegan Nat. Arboretum) ;
  • Kwon, Hye-Yeon (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School, Pusan Univ.) ;
  • Shin, Hae-seon (Applied Ecology Lab., Pusan Nat'l Univ.) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Cheol (Applied Ecology Lab., Pusan Nat'l Univ.) ;
  • Yu, Byeong-hyeok (Social Value & Innovation Office, Korea National Park Service) ;
  • Jang, Jin (Korea National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service) ;
  • Choi, Song-Hyun (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Pusan Nat'l Univ.)
  • 장정은 (국립백두대간수목원 교육서비스실) ;
  • 권혜연 (부산대학교 대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 신해선 (부산대학교 응용생태연구실) ;
  • 이상철 (부산대학교 응용생태연구실) ;
  • 유병혁 (국립공원공단 사회가치혁신실) ;
  • 장진 (국립공원공단 국립공원연구원) ;
  • 최송현 (부산대학교 조경학과)
  • Received : 2021.04.16
  • Accepted : 2022.01.14
  • Published : 2022.02.28
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Abstract

Among protected areas, National Parks are rich in biodiversity, and the benefits of ecosystem services provided to human are higher than the others. Ecosystem service evaluation is being used to manage the value of national parks based on objective and scientific data. Ecosystem services are classified into four services: supporting, provisioning, regulating and cultural. The purpose of this study is to evaluate habitat quality among supporting services. Habitat Quality Model of InVEST was used to analyze. The coefficients of sensitivity and habitat initial value were reset by reflecting prior studies and the actual conditions of protected areas. Habitat quality of 21 national parks except Hallasan National Park was analyzed and mapped. The value of habitat quality was evaluated to be between 0 and 1, and the closer it is to 1, the more natural it is. As a result of habitat quality analysis, Seoraksan and Taebaeksan National Parks (0.90), Jirisan and Odaesan National Parks (0.89), and Sobaeksan National Park (0.88) were found to be the highest in the order. As a result of comparing the area and habitat quality of 18 national parks except for coastal-marine national parks, the larger the area, the higher the overall habitat quality. Comparing the value of habitat quality of each zone, the value of habitat quality was high in the order of the park nature preservation zone, the park nature environmental zone, the park cultural heritage zone, and the park village zone. Considering both the analysis of habitat quality and the legal regulations for each zone of use, it is judged that the more artificial acts are restricted, the higher the habitat quality. This study is meaningful in analyzing habitat quality of 21 National Parks by readjusting the parameters according to the situation of protected areas in Korea. It is expected to be easy to intuitively understand through accurate data and mapping, and will be useful in making policy decisions regarding the development and preservation of protected areas in the future.

보호지역 중 국립공원은 생물다양성이 풍부한 곳으로 다른 곳에 비해 인간에게 제공되는 생태계서비스 혜택이 높은 편이다. 이러한 국립공원의 가치를 객관적이고 과학적인 데이터를 기반으로 관리하기 위해 생태계서비스 평가가 활용되고 있다. 생태계서비스는 공급, 조절, 문화, 지지의 4가지 서비스로 분류되며, 본 연구에서는 지지서비스 중 서식지질을 평가하였다. 서식지질 평가는 InVEST의 Habitat Quality 모델을 활용하였으며, 선행연구 분석 및 국내 보호지역 실정을 반영하여 인자별 민감도 및 서식지질 초기값 계수를 재설정하였다. 한라산국립공원을 제외한 21개 국립공원의 서식지질을 분석하고 지도화하였다. 서식지질은 0과 1사이의 값으로 나타나며, 1에 가까울수록 자연성이 높은 것으로 평가한다. 서식지질 분석결과 설악산·태백산국립공원(0.90), 지리산·오대산국립공원(0.89), 소백산국립공원(0.88) 순으로 높게 나타났다. 해안-해상형 국립공원을 제외한 18개 국립공원의 면적과 서식지질을 비교한 결과 면적이 넓을수록 전반적으로 서식지질이 높게 나타났다. 용도지구별 서식지질을 비교한 결과 공원자연보존지구, 공원자연환경지구, 공원문화유산지구, 공원마을지구 순으로 서식지질이 높게 나타났다. 서식지질 분석과 용도지구별 법적인 규제를 함께 고려하였을 때, 인위적인 행위가 제한될수록 서식지질은 높아지는 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구는 국내 보호지역 상황에 맞게 매개변수를 조정하여 21개 전 국립공원을 대상으로 서식지질 분석을 실시한 것에 의의가 있다. 적확한 수치와 지도화를 통해 직관적으로 파악이 용이하며, 향후 보호지역의 개발 및 보전에 관련한 정책 결정에 유용할 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 국립공원공단 국립공원연구원에서 진행하는 <2020년 국립공원 생태계서비스 가치평가 연구>에 의하여 연구되었음.

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