Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
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Echinococcus granulosus Protoscolex DM9 Protein Shows High Potential for Serodiagnosis of Alveolar Echinococcosis

  • Kim, Jeong-Geun (Department of Molecular Parasitology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Han, Xiumin (Clinical Research Institute of Hydatid Disease, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital) ;
  • Kong, Yoon (Department of Molecular Parasitology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
  • Received : 2022.02.02
  • Accepted : 2022.02.10
  • Published : 2022.02.28
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Abstract

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) caused by infection with E. multilocularis metacestode, represents one of the most fatal helminthic diseases. AE is principally manifested with infiltrative, proliferating hepatic mass, resembling primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Sometimes metastatic lesions are found in nearby or remote tissue. AE diagnosis largely depends on imaging studies, but atypical findings of imaging features frequently require differential diagnosis from other hepatic lesions. Serological tests may provide further evidence, while obtaining reliable AE materials is not easy. In this study, alternative antigens, specific to AE were identified by analyzing E. granulosus protoscolex proteins. An immunoblot analysis of E. granulosus protoscolex showed that a group of low-molecular-weight proteins in the range from 14 kDa to 16 kDa exhibited a sensitive and specific immune response to AE patient sera. Partial purification and proteomic analysis indicated that this protein group contained myosin, tubulin polymerization promoting protein, fatty-acid binding protein, uncharacterized DM9, heat shock protein 90 cochaperone tebp P-23, and antigen S. When the serological applicability of recombinant forms of these proteins was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, DM9 protein (rEgDM9) showed 90.1% sensitivity (73/81 sera tested) and 94.5% specificity (172/181 sera tested), respectively. rEgDM9 showed weak cross-reactions with patient sera from the transitional and chronic stages of cystic echinococcosis (3 to 5 stages). rEgDM9 would serve as a useful alternative antigen for serodiagnosis of both early- and advanced-stage AE cases.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors are grateful to Dr. Wang H, Qinghai Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention for his gift of E. multilocularis protoscolex collected from experimentally infected mouse. This work was supported in part by the Korea Research Foundation (2019R1I1A1AO1058525).

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