Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology

The Korean Electrochemical Society (한국전기화학회)
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A LiPF6-LiFSI Blended-Salt Electrolyte System for Improved Electrochemical Performance of Anode-Free Batteries

  • Choi, Haeyoung (Next Generation Battery Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute) ;
  • Bae, YeoJi (Next Generation Battery Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Min (Next Generation Battery Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute) ;
  • Ha, Yoon-Cheol (Next Generation Battery Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute) ;
  • Shin, Heon-Cheol (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Byung Gon (Next Generation Battery Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute)
  • Received : 2021.05.20
  • Accepted : 2021.06.24
  • Published : 2022.02.28
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Abstract

ANODE-free Li-metal batteries (AFLMBs) operating with Li of cathode material have attracted enormous attention due to their exceptional energy density originating from anode-free structure in the confined cell volume. However, uncontrolled dendritic growth of lithium on a copper current collector can limit its practical application as it causes fatal issues for stable cycling such as dead Li formation, unstable solid electrolyte interphase, electrolyte exhaustion, and internal short-circuit. To overcome this limitation, here, we report a novel dual-salt electrolyte comprising of 0.2 M LiPF6 + 3.8 M lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide in a carbonate/ester co-solvent with 5 wt% fluoroethylene carbonate, 2 wt% vinylene carbonate, and 0.2 wt% LiNO3 additives. Because the dual-salt electrolyte facilitates uniform/dense Li deposition on the current collector and can form robust/ionic conductive LiF-based SEI layer on the deposited Li, a Li/Li symmetrical cell exhibits improved cycling performance and low polarization for over 200 h operation. Furthermore, the anode-free LiFePO4/Cu cells in the carbonate electrolyte shows significantly enhanced cycling stability compared to the counterparts consisting of different salt ratios. This study shows an importance of electrolyte design guiding uniform Li deposition and forming stable SEI layer for AFLMBs.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

B. G. Kim acknowledges partial support from the Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) Primary Research Program (21A01009) through the NST (National Research Council of Science & Technology) and from the Technology Development Program to Solve Climate Changes (NRF-2018M1A2A2063343) through the NRF (National Research Foundation of Korea), both funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT. H. Choi thanks Dr. S. Kang at the Research Institute of Industrial Science & Technology (RIST) for the XPS analysis and would like to thank Editage (www.editage.com) for English language editing.

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