Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology (한국해양공학회지)

Korean Society of Ocean Engineers (한국해양공학회)
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Survey of Acoustic Frequency Use for Underwater Acoustic Cognitive Technology

  • Cho, A-ra (Ocean System Engineering Research Division, KRISO) ;
  • Choi, Youngchol (Ocean System Engineering Research Division, KRISO) ;
  • Yun, Changho (Ocean System Engineering Research Division, KRISO)
  • Received : 2021.10.07
  • Accepted : 2021.12.16
  • Published : 2022.02.28
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Abstract

The available underwater acoustic spectrum is limited. Therefore, it is imperative to avoid frequency interference from overlapping frequencies of underwater acoustic equipment (UAE) for the co-existence of the UAE. Cognitive technology that senses idle spectrum and actively avoids frequency interference is an efficient method to facilitate the collision-free operation of multiple UAE with overlapping frequencies. Cognitive technology is adopted to identify the frequency usage of UAE to apply cognitive technology. To this end, we investigated two principle underwater acoustic sources: UAE and marine animals. The UAE is classified into five types: underwater acoustic modem, acoustic positioning system, multi-beam echo-sounder, side-scan sonar, and sub-bottom profiler. We analyzed the parameters of the frequency band, directivity, range, and depth, which play a critical role in the design of underwater acoustic cognitive technology. Moreover, the frequency band of several marine species was also examined. The mid-frequency band from 10 - 40 kHz was found to be the busiest. Lastly, this study provides useful insights into the design of underwater acoustic cognitive technologies, where it is essential to avoid interference among the UAE in this mid-frequency band.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by a grant from the Endowment Project of "Development of core technology for cooperative navigation of multiple marine robots and underwater wireless cognitive network" funded by the Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean engineering (PES4370).

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