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Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (생화학분자생물학회)
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Odorant receptors in cancer

  • Chung, Chan (Department of New Biology, DGIST) ;
  • Cho, Hee Jin (Department of Biomedical Convergence Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, ChaeEun (Department of New Biology, DGIST) ;
  • Koo, JaeHyung (Department of New Biology, DGIST)
  • Received : 2022.01.10
  • Accepted : 2022.01.20
  • Published : 2022.02.28
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Abstract

Odorant receptors (ORs), the largest subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors, detect odorants in the nose. In addition, ORs were recently shown to be expressed in many nonolfactory tissues and cells, indicating that these receptors have physiological and pathophysiological roles beyond olfaction. Many ORs are expressed by tumor cells and tissues, suggesting that they may be associated with cancer progression or may be cancer biomarkers. This review describes OR expression in various types of cancer and the association of these receptors with various types of signaling mechanisms. In addition, the clinical relevance and significance of the levels of OR expression were evaluated. Namely, levels of OR expression in cancer were analyzed based on RNA-sequencing data reported in the Cancer Genome Atlas; OR expression patterns were visualized using t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE); and the associations between patient survival and levels of OR expression were analyzed. These analyses of the relationships between patient survival and expression patterns obtained from an open mRNA database in cancer patients indicate that ORs may be cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by grants from the National Research Foundation (2021R1A2C1009258 to J. Koo and 2021R1C1C1004653 to H.J. Cho), the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program (2020M3A9D3038435 to J. Koo), the Korean Mouse Phenotype Center (2019M3A9D5A01102797 to J. Koo), and the DGIST Start-up Fund Program of the Ministry of Science and ICT (2021050001 to C. Chung).

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